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ZZZZKCU Comprehensive Exam Review Andy > Anatomy I Exam 3 > Flashcards

Anatomy I Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior sacral foramina allow the passage of which of the following?

Dorsal rami of sacral spinal nerves
Ventral rami of sacral spinal nerves
Lower thoracic nerves via cauda equina
Upper lumbar nerves via the cauda equina

A

Ventral rami of sacral spinal nerves

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2
Q

A typical thoracic vertebra includes all of the following components except:

A heart shaped body
Interior articular facets
Superior costal demifacets
Transverse foramina

A

Transverse foramina

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3
Q

The sacral promontory is formed by which of the following structures?

Centrum of L1
Spinous process of L1
Centrum of S1
Spinous process of S2

A

Centrum of S1

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4
Q

Which of the following ligaments extends along the roof of the neural canal?

Anterior longitudinal
Posterior longitudinal
Ligamentum flavum
Supraspinous ligament

A

Ligamentum flavum

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5
Q

Transverse foramina are characteristic of which of the following?

All cervical
Only the first six cervical
All cervical vertebrae plus the first thoracic
Only cervical vertebrae 2-7

A

All cervical

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6
Q

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding vertebrae?

Transverse processes arise from the vertebra at the intersection of the lamina and pedicle

The spinous process of a vertebra arises from the intersection of two pedicles

Mammillary bodies are associated with the anterior articulating processes of the lower thoracic vertebrae

Articular facets of typical thoracic vertebrae are organized into a sagittal plane

A

Transverse processes arise from the vertebra at the intersection of the lamina and the pedicle

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7
Q

How many cervical vertebrae are present in the human vertebral column?

Five
Six
Seven
As many as you want

A

Seven

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8
Q

An exaggeration of a secondary vertebral column curve is characterized by which of the following?

Mostly occurs int he thoracic region
Is referred to as kyphosis
Mostly occurs in the cervical region
Is referred to as lordosis

A

Is referred to as lordosis

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9
Q

In the cervical region which of the following ligaments is referred to as the ligamentum nuchae?

Anterior longitudinal
Posterior longitudinal
Ligamentum flavum
Supraspinous ligament

A

Supraspinous ligament

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10
Q

The anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column has which of the following characteristics?

It anchors the emerging spinal nerves in place
It limits the direction of the nucleus pulposus extrusion during disk herniation
It narrows anteriorly to the intervertebral disc
It limits flexion

A

It limits the direction of the nucleus pulposus extrusion during disk herniation

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11
Q

Which of the following statements characterizes the denticulate ligaments?

They are found in the oral cavity and are part of the gomphoses
They attach the serratus anterior to the ribs
They help to stabilize the spinal cord
They extend between the pia mater and the arachnoid layer

A

They help stabilize the spinal cord

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12
Q

The spinal cord proper ends at what level?

L5/S1
S5
L2
L4

A

L2

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13
Q

How many pairs of cervical spinal nerves are present in the human?

Five
Six
Seven
Eight

A

Eight

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14
Q

Which of the following spaces or membranes around the spinal cord is superficial to all the others?

Dura mater
Pia mater
Epidural space
Arachnoid layer

A

Epidural space

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15
Q

Which of the following levels of the spinal cord form the cervical enlargement?

C1-C5
C3-C6
C3-T1
C5-T2

A

C3-T1

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16
Q

Lateral horns of the spinal cord are found in which of the following regions?

Cervical through upper sacral
Lower cervical through the upper lumbar
Upper cervical through the lower thoracic
Thoracic through the upper lumbar

A

Thoracic through the upper lumbar

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17
Q

Cell bodies of the alpha motor neurons originate from which of the following regions of the spinal cord?

Posterior columns
Lateral horns
Lateral columns
Anterior horns

A

Anterior horns

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18
Q

Which of the following characteristics is NOT of autonomic preganglionic neurons?

Always myelinated
Originate from ganglia
Utilize acetylcholine
Synapse in ganglia

A

Originate from ganglia

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19
Q

The stellate ganglion is formed from which of the following fused ganglia?

All three cervical plus T1
T1 through T5
Middle and inferior cervical plus T1
Inferior cervical plus T1

A

Inferior cervical plus T1

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20
Q

Splanchnic nerves are composed of preganglionic fibers and the visceral sensory fibers. They supply abdominal viscera. The greater splanchnic nerve synapses in which of the following regions?

Wall of upper GI tract
Aorticorenal ganglion
Celiac ganglion
Superior mesenteric ganglion

A

Celiac ganglion

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21
Q

The parasympathetic supply to the thoracic cavity is via which of the following?

Paravertebral chain ganglion pairs T1-T5
Splanchnic nerves
Vagus nerves
Stellate ganglion

A

Vagus nerves

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22
Q

The medial arcuate ligaments of the diaphragm form the lumbocostal arches and anteriorly cross which of the following muscles?

Latissimus dorsi
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major
Transversus thoracis

A

Psoas major

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23
Q

The vagus nerves pass through the diaphragm at which vertebral level?

T6
T8
T10
T12

A

T10

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24
Q

The aortic opening of the diaphragm is located at which vertebral level?

T6
T8
T10
T12

A

T12

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25
Q

Which of the following structures is/are found in both the superior and the inferior mediastinum?

Thymus
Vagus nerve
Heart
Trachea
Phrenic nerves
A

Thymus

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26
Q

The heart is found in which of the following locations?

Anterior superior mediastinum
Middle superior mediastinum
Anterior inferior mediastinum
Middle inferior mediastinum
Posterior inferior mediastinum
A

Middle inferior mediastinum

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27
Q

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in the superior mediastinum?

Esophagus
Azygos vein
Vagus nerves
Thymus
Trachea
A

Azygos vein

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28
Q

In aspirating material from the right costodiaphragmatic recess, care must be taken to not penetrate which of the following?

Spleen
The lower lobe of the right lung
The middle lobe of the right lung
The liver
The right ventricle
A

The liver

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29
Q

Which of the following lobes would not be found in the right lung?

Upper (superior)
Middle
Lower (inferior)
Lingula

A

Lingula

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30
Q

Which of the following statements is CORRECT with regard to pulmonary veins?

Pulmonary veins returned oxygenated blood to the left atrium and are intersegmental

Pulmonary veins return deoxygenated blood from the lung interstitium to the right atrium and are intersegmental

Pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the left atrium and are intrasegmental

Pulmonary veins return deoxygenated blood from the lung to the interstitium to the right atrium and are intrasegmental

A

Pulmonary veins returned oxygenated blood to the left atrium and are intersegmental.

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31
Q

Which level of the tracheobronchial tree branchings supply bronchopulmonary segments?

Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Tertiary bronchi
Respiratory bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
A

Tertiary bronchi

32
Q

Which of the following statements is INCORRECT regarding the vascular supply to the bronchopulmonary tree?

Bronchial arteries that supply the left lung are branches off the thoracic aorta

Bronchial veins on the right drain into the azygos vein

Bronchial arteries supplying the right lung are branches off the thoracic aorta

Bronchial veins on the left drain into the accessory hemiazygos vein

A

Bronchial arteries supplying the right lung are branches off the thoracic aorta

33
Q

Which of the following structures lies anterior to the arch of the aorta?

Left primary bronchus
Left recurrent laryngeal nerve
Left phrenic nerve
Trachea

A

Left phrenic nerve

34
Q

True or false: The posterior descending artery is a branch of the right coronary artery.

A

True

35
Q

True or false: Arteries supplying the AV and SA nodes are branches from the right coronary artery.

A

False

36
Q

Which of the following is normally NOT a direct branch off the aortic arch?

Brachiocephalic
Left common carotid
Left subclavian
Right subclavian

A

Right subclavian

37
Q

Which of the following veins is involved in draining the left posterior intercostal spaces?

Left internal thoracic
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Lateral thoracic vein

A

Hemiazygos vein

38
Q

Which of the following structures would NOT be found in both the left and right ventricles?

Papillary muscles
Moderator band
Chordae tendinae
Trabeculae carnae

A

Chordae Tendinae

39
Q

Which of the following represents the proximal attachment of the inguinal ligament?

ASIS
AIIS
greater trochanter
Intertrochanteric crest
Public tubercle
A

ASIS

40
Q

The deep inguinal ring is formed by an evagination of the fascia of which of the following muscles?

Transversus
Internal oblique
External oblique
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
A

Transversus

41
Q

The inguinal ligament is attached to the ASIS and the public tubercle and is the inferior border of the aponeurosis of which of the following muscles?

Transversus
Internal oblique
External oblique
Sartorius
Rectus femoris
A

External Oblique

42
Q

Remnants of the umbilical arteries are associated with which of the following landmarks on the posterior aspect of the anterior abdominal wall?

Falciform ligament
Medial umbilical folds
Median umbilical fold
Later umbilical folds
Ligamentum teres
A

Medial umbilical folds

43
Q

Which of the following “ligaments” extends from the umbilicus to the liver?

Lesser omentum 
Ligamentum teres
Falciform
Greater omentum
Epiploic
A

Ligamentum teres

44
Q

The ligamentum teres hepatic is enclosed within which of the following ligaments?

Gastrosplenic ligament
Gastrohepatic ligament
Hepatoduodenal ligament
Falciform ligament
Coronary ligament
A

Falciform ligament

45
Q

When full, the urinary bladder would be found in which of the following regions of the abdomen?

Right hypochondriac
Epigastric
Hypogastric
Right Lateral

A

Hypogastric

46
Q

What types of hernias occur primarily in older men, does not pass through the inguinal canal, and does not extend into the scrotum?

Direct inguinal hernia
Indirect inguinal hernia
Femoral hernia
Umbilical hernia

A

Direct inguinal hernia

47
Q

The portal hepatis lies between which two liver lobes?

Right and Left
Right and caudate
Left and caudate
Right and quadrate
Caudate and quadrate
A

Caudate and quadrate

48
Q

The lesser omentum separates which two lobes of the liver?

Right and Left
Right and caudate
Caudate and quadrate
Left and caudate

A

Left and caudate

49
Q

Which of the following is the largest lobe of the liver?

Right
Left
Quadrate
Caudate
Median
A

Right

50
Q

Which of the following is the largest visceral organ in the body?

Liver
Spleen
Stomach
Kidney

A

Liver

51
Q

The hepatic portal vein is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric vein and which of the following?

Inferior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
Left gastroepiploic vein
Right gastroepiploic vein
gastroduodenal vein
A

Splenic vein

52
Q

Which of the following is true of the hepatic portal vein?

It is formed by the union of the superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric veins

It receives venous blood from most of the gastrointestinal tract

It passes to the liver through the falciform ligament

It forms anterior to the head of the pancreas

It terminates directly into the inferior vena cava

A

It receives venous blood from most of the gastrointestinal tract

53
Q

Which of the follow structures is NOT part of the portal triad?

Hepatic portal vein
Common hepatic duct
Inferior vena cava
Common hepatic artery

A

Inferior vena cava

54
Q

A strong sphincter muscle is associated with which of the following structures?

Fundus of the stomach
Body of the stomach
Spleen
Pylorus of the stomach

A

Pylorus of the stomach

55
Q

Which of the following characteristic of the hepatoduodenal ligament?

It is part of the greater omentum
It is part of the lesser omentum
It contains the found ligament of the liver
It attaches to the bare area of the liver
It attaches to the neck of the gallbladder

A

It is part of the lesser omentum

56
Q

Which of the follow part of the GI tract is not suspended by a mesentery?

Transverse colon
Sigmoid colon
Ileum
Jejunum
Duodenum
A

Duodenum

57
Q

The neck of the pancreas is crossed by which of the following structures?

Splenic artery
Left gastric artery
Common hepatic artery
Abdominal aorta
Superior mesenteric artery
A

Superior mesenteric artery

58
Q

The proximal ends of the duodenum begins at which of the following levels:

T11
L1
L2
L3
L4
A

L1

59
Q

The junction between the sigmoid colon and the rectum is anterior to which of the following landmarks?

S2
S3
S4
Pelvic brim
Arcuate line
A

S3

60
Q

The small intestine is approximately 21 feet in length. Which of the following is the longest of the three subdivisions of the small intestine?

Jejunum
Duodenum
Ileum
Rectum

A

Ileum

61
Q

Taenia coli are associated with which fo the following structures?

Ileum
Duodenum
Jejunum
Sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoid colon

62
Q

The abdominal aorta gives off three pairs of visceral branches. Which of the following would NOT be included in this group?

Renal
Gonadal
Middle suprarenal
Phrenic

A

Phrenic

63
Q

The superior suprarenal arteries are branches of which of the following vessels?

Inferior phrenic
Abdominal aorta
Renal
Superior mesenteric
Inferior mesenteric
A

Inferior phrenic

64
Q

True or false: The short gastric arteries are branches of the left gastric artery.

A

False

65
Q

Which of the following arteries is not a direct branch of the celiac trunk?

Splenic
Right gastric
Common hepatic
Left gastric

A

Right gastric

66
Q

The vagus nerve passes through the diaphragm at which of the following levels?

T6
T8
T10
T12

A

T10

67
Q

The lesser curvature of the stomach is supplied by the:

Left gastric artery
Splenic artery
Common hepatic artery
Greater epiploic artery
None of the above
A

Left gastric artery

68
Q

The ascending colon is supplied by which of the following?

Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Middle colic artery
Median sacral artery
A

Superior mesenteric artery

69
Q

The inferior suprarenal arteries are branches of which of the following arteries?

Inferior phrenic
Common hepatic
Left gastric
Abdominal aorta
Renal
A

Renal

70
Q

The bifurcation of the abdominal aorta into the common iliacs is associated with which of the following landmarks?

L3
L4
L5
S1
S2
A

L4

71
Q

The inguinal ligament attaches to which pair of the following structures?

ASIS and AIIS
AIIS and ischial spine
ASIS and pubic tubercle
ASIS and inferior public ramus

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle

72
Q

The inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm at which vertebral level?

T6
T8
T10
T12

A

T8

73
Q

The greater splanchnic nerves pass through the diaphragm at which vertebral level?

T6
T8
T10
T12

A

T12

74
Q

The paired diaphragmatic crura are connected superiorly by which of the following structure(s)?

Pyloric sphincter
Median arcuate ligaments
Medial arcuate ligaments
Lateral arcuate ligaments

A

Median arcuate ligaments

75
Q

The right lateral arcuate ligament is formed from the deep fascia of which of the following structures?

Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum
Falciform ligament
Right renal

A

Quadratus lumborum

76
Q

Which of the follow structures is part of the portal triad?

Hepatic portal vein
Common hepatic duct
Inferior vena cava
Common hepatic artery

A

Hepatic portal vein
Common hepatic duct
Common hepatic artery

ZZZZKCU Comprehensive Exam Review Andy (13 decks)

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