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Anatomy > Anatomy Exam 4 > Flashcards

Anatomy Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What does the superior tarsal plate do and what is it innervated by?

A

responsible for tone of the eyelid and is innervated by the sympathetic fibers traveling in the frontal nerve

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2
Q

action and innervation of the superior rectus

A

adduction upward movement, CN III oculomotor

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3
Q

action and innervation of the superior oblique

A

CN IV, trochlear N. Abduction, depression of the eye and interal rotation

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4
Q

Action and innervation of the inferior rectus

A

CN III oculomotor, adduction and depression of the eye

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5
Q

action and innervation of the inferior oblique

A

elevation of the eye, abduction, extorsion, CN III oculomotor

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6
Q

action and innervation of the lateral rectus

A

abducens CN VI, adduction

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7
Q

action and innervation of the medial rectus

A

CN III oculomotor, adbuction

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8
Q

action and innervation of levator palpebrae superioris

A

raise eyelids, CN III oculomotor

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9
Q

What nerve is responsible for the blink reflex

A

the nasociliary N from the opthalmic branch of the trigeminal

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10
Q

What is the sensory ganglion of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve

A

the trigmenial ganglion

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11
Q

what are the branches of the nasociliary nerve

A

The short ciliary, long ciliary, and infratrochlear, which gives the anterior ethmoidal and posterior ethmoidal.

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12
Q

The infratrochlear supplies what

A

supplies the skin of the upper eyelids and the bridge of the nose, the conjunctiva, lacrimal sac and caruncle

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13
Q

What does the short ciliary nerve of the nasociiary nerve do

A

It pierces the sclera and is distributed to the ciliary muscle, iris and cornea. It also has parasympathetics that come from the oculomotor nerve (in the edinger westphal nucleus). They synape in the ciliary ganglion and then continue on with the short cliart to the ciliary body and iris.

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14
Q

what does the frontal N split in to?

A

the supratrochlear and the supraorbital

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15
Q

Through what bony opening does the facial nerve exit the cranial cavity? The base of the skull?

A

internal acoustic meatus and then stylomastoid foramen

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16
Q

What muscles are supplied with motor innervation just after CN VII exits the skull?

A

the sylohyoid and posterior belly of the digastric

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17
Q

What are the sensory branches of V1 on the face

A

the supraorbital and the supratrochear

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18
Q

What are the sensory branches of V2 on the face

A

the zygomaticofacial, infraorbital, and the zygomaticotemporal

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19
Q

What are the sensory branches of V3 on the face

A

the auriculotemporal, long buccal, and mental N

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20
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the somatic motor branch of CNIII stored?

A

the oculomotor nucleus

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21
Q

the ocoulomotor nucelus is located within the

A

midbrain

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22
Q

where are the cell bodies of the autonomic component of CN III located?

A

acessory ocuomotor/ edinger westphal nucleus

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23
Q

the acessory oculomotor nucleus is located in the

A

midbrain

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24
Q

Which ganglion do the parasympathetics carried on CN III from the accessory oculomotor nucleus synapse in?

A

the ciliary ganglion.

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25
Q

the targets of the postgnglionic parasympathetics leaving the ciliary ganglion in the orbit reach their targets by travelling on what nerves? what are these nerves a branch from and from which CN do these nerves come from?

A

short ciliary nerves, which are branches of the nasociliary nerve. Nasociliary is a branch of V1 (opthalmic) from the trigeminal nerve

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26
Q

What do the parasympathetics from CN III via the short ciliary nerves innervate?

A

the shpincor pupillae and the ciliary body which constrict the pupil and focuses the lens respectively

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27
Q

how does the eye get its sympathetic innervation?

A

fibers from T1 - T3 will synapse in the superior cervical ganglion and enter the internal carotid plexus. They then follow the short and long ciliary nerves

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28
Q

What are the targets of sympathetic innervation

A

dillator pupillae and superior tarsal

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29
Q

whihc nerve is the only one to arise on the dorsal side of the brain stem

A

the trochlear nerve

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30
Q

what is in the tendinous ring of the eptic nerve?

A

the abducens nerve and optic nerve (NOT TROCHLEAR), nasociliary

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31
Q

where is the origin of the trigeminal nucleus

A

the PONS

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32
Q

Where is the trigeminal ganlgion located

A

on the petrous ridge of the temporal bone

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33
Q

where is the trigeminal motor nucelus located

A

in the brainstem

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34
Q

autonomics from what nerve hitch a ride on the lacrimal nerve of V1? what type of fibers are they?

A

post-ganglionic parasympathetics from CN VII

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35
Q

Where do the post-gang fibers that travel on the lacrimanl nerve originate?

A

they come from the pterygopalatine ganglion

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36
Q

Where do the preganglionic fibers wwhich relate to the post ganglionic fibers traveing on the lacrimal nerve originate?

A

the superior cervical nucleus in the PONS

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37
Q

what is the postganglionic sympathetics action on the lacrimal gland?

A

vasoconstriction

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38
Q

Which branch of the opthalmic nerve V1 runs within the tendinous ring?

A

the nasociliary!

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39
Q

what kind of fibers does the long ciliary nerve have?

A

post-ganglionic sympathetic and somatic sensory

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40
Q

what do the fibers of the long ciliary nerve innervate / do?

A

the post-gang parasymp go to the dillator pupilae while the somatic sensory go to the cornea and the iris

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41
Q

CN V2 leaves the cranial cavity by going through what hole and once it goes through that hole what space has it entered?

A

the foramen rotundum –> the pterygopalatine fossa

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42
Q

when CNV3 exits the cranial cavity foramen ovale, into which space has it entered the

A

infratemporal fossa

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43
Q

which branch is the posterior branch of V3?

A

the auriculotemporal

44
Q

the auriculotemporal nerve supplies sensory innervation to

A

the TMJ, the auricle and external meatus, and the anterior tympanic membrane

45
Q

which fibers hitch a ride on auriculotemporal? and from which gangion do these come from?

A

postganglionic parasympathetics hitch a ride on the auriculotemporal nerve, and they arise from the otic ganglgion. They travel to the parotid gland

46
Q

What nerve (and from which CN) brings the pregang. parasym. to the otic ganglion, whose postgang parasymp. fibers then travel on the auriculotemporal to the parotid?

A

the lesser petrosal nerve which is a branch off of CN IX (glossopharyngeal)

47
Q

Sensory branches of V3 include the

A

long buccal branch, the lingual N and the inferior alveolar

48
Q

what does the long buccal branch emerges where?

A

between the 2 heads of the lateral pterygoid

49
Q

the long buccal nerve does sensory innervation to

A

skin over the cheek , buccal gingiva, and mucous membranes lining the cheek

50
Q

the lingual nerve courses between what 2 muscles?

A

the medial and lateral pterygoid

51
Q

the lingual nerve does what kind of innervation?

A

sensory: pain, temperature, touch to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

52
Q

what hitches a ride on the lingual nerve? what type of fibers are these?

A

the chorda tympani from CN VII which is made of preganglionic parasympathetics

53
Q

preganglionic chorda tympani fibers synapse in what ganglion?

A

the submandibular ganglion

54
Q

what does the chorda tympani do?

A

taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue and synapses in the submandibular ganglion to then innervate the submandibular and sublingual glands

55
Q

what are the motor branches of V3? There are 7.

A

deep temporal N, the masseter nerve, lateral pterygoid, nerve to mylohyoid, medial pterygoid, nerve to tesnor tympani, and nerve to tensor veli palatini.

56
Q

the deep temporal N innervates the

A

temporalis muscle

57
Q

the nerve to mylohyoid supplies

A

mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric

58
Q

the abducens nucelus is located in the

A

pons

59
Q

CN VII is made of what types of fibers?

A

somatic motor to muscles of facial expression, somatic sensory to the external ear, pregang para symp to the lacrimal, submandibular and sublingual, taste fibers from the corda tymani to the anterior 2/3

60
Q

CN VII originates in the _____ from which 3 nuclei?

A

brain stem where there is the facial motor nucleus, the superior salivatory nucelus (parasymp) and the solitary tract nucelus (sensory)

61
Q

how does the facial nerve leave the cranial cavity?

A

through the internal acoustic meatus

62
Q

What ganglion does the facial nerve pass through directy after leaving the internal acoustic meatus?

A

the geniculate ganglion!

63
Q

where is the geniculate ganglion located (inside what bone)

A

temporal bone

64
Q

what innervates the posterior belly of digastric?

A

the facial nerve

65
Q

where does the nerve to stylohyoid come from?

A

the facial nerve

66
Q

what are the motor branches of the facial nerve? (there are 9!)

A 
Nerve to stapedius
posterior auricular nerve 
nerve to posterior belly of digastric
nerve to stylohyoid 
Temporal
zygomatic
buccal
marginal mandibular 
cercival
67
Q

which nerves run through the parotid gland?

A

the facial nerve runs through the parotid gland and the common turnk of the temporal/zygomatic, and the common trunk of the marginal mandibular/cervical course through the parotid

68
Q

does the nerve to stapedius come off before or after the facial nerve enters the stylomastoid foramen

A

before!

69
Q

the facial nerve gives off the nerve to stapdius and then enters what canal?

A

the stylomastoid foramen

70
Q

what is the nuceli where the parasympathetic fibers of CN VII originate

A

superior salivatory nucleus

71
Q

the chorda tympani exits the cranial cavity through what fissure?

A

the pterygotymanic fissure

72
Q

the chorda tympani travels to what ganglion to synapse?

A

the submandibular ganglion

73
Q

once synapsing on the submandibular ganglion, where do the post-gang fibers of the chorda tympani travel?

A

they travel to the submandibular and sublingual glands

74
Q

the taste fibers from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue go to the lingual nerve, then on to the chorda tymapnia, then on to the facial n, and then travel back on the intermediate nn to synapse in what nuclei?

A

solitary tract nucelus

75
Q

cell bodies of the solitary tract nucelus are located where?

A

in the geniculate ganglion

76
Q

where does the vagus nerve exit the cranial cavity?

A

the jugular foramen

77
Q

the superior laryngeal nerve is a branch from what nerve?

A

the vagus nerve

78
Q

explain the branching of the superior laryngeal nerve

A

it branches into an internal branch which innervates they thyroid membrane
it then branches into an external branch which goes to the cricothyroid muscle

79
Q

what does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve go to?

A

the cricothyroid muscle

80
Q

what does the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

thyroid membrane

81
Q

somatic motor fibers of the vagus nerve, CN X originate in what ganglion?

A

the nucelus ambiguous

82
Q

what nucelus do the parasympathetic fibers of the vagus nerve originate in?

A

the dorsal motor nucleus

83
Q

fibers leaving the nucelus ambiguous head towards two ganglion which are the

A

superior and inferior ganglia

84
Q

after leaving the inferior ganglia, the vagus nerve will give 3 motor branches which are the

A

pharyngeal branch of vagus
superior laryngeal N
recurrent laryngeal N

85
Q

somatic sensory cell bodies of the vagus for somatic sensory are located

A

in superior ganglion

86
Q

to relay information from the external ear, the fibers of the vagus nerve jump on what two nerves of the vagus?

A

the meningeal branch

and the external tympanic membrane

87
Q

the cell bodies of the taste fibers of the vagus nerve are in what ganglia?

A

the inferior ganglion

88
Q

the inferior ganglon of the vagus holds what type of cell bodies?

A

taste fibers and visceral sensory

89
Q

the superior ganglon of the vagus holds what type of cell bodies?

A

somatic sensory

90
Q

taste fibers of the vagus innervate what and via what nerve?

A

the eppiglottis, via the internal branch of the superior laryngeal

91
Q

visceral sensory of the vagus innervates what?

A

the larynx, pharynx and abdomen

92
Q

the crigothyroid is inneravted by what?

A

the external branch of the superior laryngeal N

93
Q

what muscle modulates pitch?

A

the vocalis which is innervated by the recurrent laryngeal

94
Q

what innervates the vocalis muscle

A

the recurrent laryngeal nerve

95
Q

major abductor of the larynx?

A

the posterior cricorytenoid muscle

96
Q

what is the posterior cricoaretynoid muscle innervated by?

A

the recurrent laryngeal

97
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid m does what?

A

it adducts the vocal ligmanets

98
Q

the lateral cricoarytenoid is innervated by what

A

recurrent laryngeal N

99
Q

the transverse and oblique arytenoids do what?

A

they adduct the vocal ligaments / decrease the aperature of the rima glottus

100
Q

what innervates the transverse and oblique arytenoid muscles?

A

the recurrent laryngeal

101
Q

the aryepigglotic muscle does what?

A

i pulls the epiglottis downduring swallowing

102
Q

what innervates the aryepiglottic muscle?

A

the recurrent laryngeal nerve

103
Q

the thyroarytenoid muscle does what

A

it pulls the vocal folds forward, thus closing the aperature, and relaxing the vocal cords (less taut. (recurrent laryngeal)

104
Q

what innervates the thyroarytenoid muscle

A

recurrent laryngeal

105
Q

the thyoepiglottic M does what

A

it depresses the epiglottis and adducts the vocal folds

Anatomy (8 decks)

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