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anatomy > anatomy ch 1 lecture > Flashcards

anatomy ch 1 lecture Flashcards

1
Q

define anatomy

A

study of the structure of body parts

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2
Q

define physiology

A

study of the function of body parts

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3
Q

gross anatomy

A

study of large/visible anatomy

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4
Q

another name for gross anatomy

A

macroscopic anatomy

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5
Q

system anatomy

A

looks at just one system

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6
Q

surface anatomy

A

studies structures that you can feel

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7
Q

what divisions are apart of gross anatomy

A

regional, system, and surface anatomy

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8
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

deals with tiny structures (ex. cells)

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9
Q

what divisions are apart of microscopic anatomy

A

cytology and histology

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10
Q

cytology

A

study of cells

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11
Q

histology

A

study of tissues

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12
Q

developmental anatomy

A

studies anatomical and physiological development throughout life

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13
Q

embryology

A

study of developments before birth

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14
Q

define palpate

A

to touch/feel

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15
Q

define auscultate

A

to hear/listen (ex. for heartbeats)

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16
Q

principle of complementary structure and function

A

anatomy and physiology are inseparable
function reflects structure

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17
Q

structural organization of the body from smallest to largest

A

chemical
cellular
tissue
organ
organ system
organismal

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18
Q

what are the necessary life functions

A

maintaining boundaries
movement
responsiveness
digestion
metabolism
excretion
reproduction
growth

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19
Q

define maintaining boundaries

A

separation between internal and external environment

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20
Q

define movement

A

muscular system allows movement

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21
Q

contractility

A

movement at the cellular level

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22
Q

define responsiveness

A

ability to sense and respond to stimuli

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23
Q

define digestion

A

breakdown of ingested foods

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24
Q

define metabolism

A

chemical reactions that occur in body cells

25
Q

define anabolic

A

build up of molecules

26
Q

define catabolic

A

break down of molecules

27
Q

define excretion

A

removal of wastes from metabolism and digestion

28
Q

define reproduction

A

creation of new cells for growth or repair
or
production of offspring

29
Q

define growth

A

increase in size of body parts or organism

30
Q

how many organ systems are there

A

11

31
Q

what do humans need to survive

A

nutrients
oxygen
water
normal body temperature
appropriate atmospheric temperature

32
Q

what nutrients are needed to survive

A

carbohydrates
proteins
fats
minerals and vitamins

33
Q

what body temp does the body strive for

A

37 degrees Celsius

34
Q

homeostasis

A

dynamic state of equilibrium
readjusts as needed

35
Q

what three components are involved in homeostasis

A

receptor
control center
effector

36
Q

define control center

A

determines set point to maintain each variable
receives input from receptor
determines response

37
Q

define receptor

A

sensor
monitors environment
responds to stimuli

38
Q

define effector

A

receives output from control center
provides negative feedback or positive feedback

39
Q

define negative feedback

A

response reduces or shuts off original stimulus
most used feedback mechanism

40
Q

define positive feedback

A

response enhances original stimulus

41
Q

what are the two major divisions of the body

A

axial and appendicular

42
Q

what is apart of the axial division

A

head
neck
trunk

43
Q

what is apart of the appendicular division

A

limbs (legs and arms)

44
Q

define acromial

A

shoulder

45
Q

define pollex

A

thumb

46
Q

define inguinal

A

groin

47
Q

define hallux

A

big toe

48
Q

define otic

A

ear

49
Q

define perineal

A

space between anus and external genitals

50
Q

define calcaneal

A

heel

51
Q

define plantar

A

bottom of foot

52
Q

define oblique section

A

any cut at an angle

53
Q

define viscera

A

internal organs

54
Q

pleural cavities

A

spaces that surround the lungs

55
Q

pericardial cavity

A

space that surrounds the heart

56
Q

mediastinum

A

surrounds thoracic organs
separates lungs from heart

57
Q

define parietal serosa

A

lines internal body cavity walls

58
Q

define visceral serosa

A

covers internal organs

59
Q

another name for serosa

A

serous membrane

anatomy (8 decks)

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