ANATOMY - Anterior Triangle Of Neck Flashcards
When is the carotid pulse felt?
During cardiopulmonary resuscitation
What is the carotid sinus?
Dilation of distal CCA and proximal ICA.
What is contained in the carotid sinus?
Baroreceptors - detect changes in BP
Where does the CCA bifurcate?
Superior border of thyroid cartilage
What innervates the carotid sinus?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
What is sinus hypersensitivity?
- a disorder
- when pressure is put on carotid sinus it leads to an excessive decrease in HR and BP
- leads to cerebral ischaemia
- leads to fainting
Do the internal carotid arteries have branches in the neck?
No
What is internal carotid artery atherosclerosis?
- Thickening and hardening of ICA
- narrowing of ICA lumen
- caused by atherosclerotic plaques
What can ICA atherosclerosis lead to ?
- transient ischaemic attack ( mini stroke )
- stroke (cerebrovascular accident)
- these lead to visual impairment, motor paralysis, sensory loss
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
- superior thyroid artery
- lingual artery
- facial artery
How does the ECA terminate?
Divides into:
- superficial temporal artery
- maxillary artery (larger of the 2)
What does the maxillary artery pass through?
Parotid gland
Where does the right CCA originate from ?
Brachiocephalic trunk
Where does the left CCA originate from ?
Arch of aorta
What is in the carotid sheath?
-common carotid artery
- internal carotid artery
- internal jugular vein
- vagus nerve
- deep cervical chain of lymph nodes
Where do the IJV, CCA and vagus nerve lie in relation to each other in the carotid sheath?
IJV lateral to CCA
Vagus nerve posteriorly
What do the IJVs drain?
- brain
- face
- parts of neck
How does the IJV exit the skull?
Through the jugular foramen
Does the IJV pass superficial or deep to SCM?
Deep
How does the IJV get back to the heart?
IJV + subclavian = brachiocephalic vein
brachiocephalic vein + brachiocephalic vein = SVC
Is the IJV pulse palpable ?
No
What causes the IJV pulse?
Changes in pressure in right atrium since there are no valves in between it and the heart
Where can you see the IJV pulse?
Behind SCM muscle , above medial end of clavicle
When is the IJV pulse visible behind the sternal notch?
When the patient is sitting at at 45 degree angle