Anatomy

Question 1

What pelvic landmark is almost in line vertically with the ASIS in a sagital section?

Answer 1

Pubic symphysis

Question 2

What abdominal structures are related to the iliac fossa?

Answer 2

Caecum, Appendix, descending colon, sigmoid colon

Question 3

What abdominal structures are related to the sacrum?

Answer 3

Rectum

Question 4

What structure marks the separation between the pelvis and perineum?

Answer 4

Pelvic floor/diaphragm

Question 5

During what process is pelvic floor tear most common?

Answer 5

Childbirth

Question 6

Which sex of pelvis is thick and heavy?

Answer 6

Male

Question 7

Which sex has a shallow greater (false) pelvis?

Answer 7

Female

Question 8

Which sex of pelvis has a narrow and deep lesser (true) pelvis?

Answer 8

Male

Question 9

What is the shape of the male pelvic inlet?

Answer 9

Heart-shaped

Female is oval + rounded

Question 10

What is the size of the female pelvic outlet?

Answer 10

Comparatively large

Question 11

Which sex of pelvis has a narrow sub-pubic angle?

Answer 11

Male

Question 12

Which pelvic wall muscle covers the obturator foramen?

Answer 12

Obturator Internus

Question 13

Which nerve runs on the surface of the piriformis?

Answer 13

Sciatic nerve

Question 14

Which muscles form the levator ani?

Answer 14

Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis

Question 15

What is the function of levator ani?

Answer 15

Lifts anal canal

Question 16

What is the most inferior pertioneal pouch in males?

Answer 16

Recto-vesical pouch

Peritonitis may pool here.

Question 17

Which nerve may be used for anaesthesia block during childbirth?

Answer 17

Pudendal nerve

Question 18

What are the four sections of the male urethra?

Answer 18

• Preprostatic
• Prostatic
• Membranous
• Spongy

Question 19

What ligament connects the ovary with the uterus?

Answer 19

Ovarian ligament

Question 20

List the ligaments of the uterus

Answer 20

• Broad (mesovarium, mesosalpinx, mesometrium)
• Round
• Ovarian
• Suspensory

Question 21

Where does the round ligament of uterus exit the pelvis?

Answer 21

Inguinal canal

Question 22

Which ligament of the uterus is the wide fold of peritoneum that connects it to the walls and floor of the pelvis?

Answer 22

Broad ligament

Question 23

In the lithotomy position, what is the anatomical triangle that is superior to the perineal body?

Answer 23

Urogenital triangle

Question 24

In the lithotomy position, what is the anatomical triangle that is inferior to the perineal body?

Answer 24

Anal triangle

Question 25

What are the three distinct layers of the pelvic floor?

Answer 25

• Endopelvic fascia (Surrounds viscera)
• Pelvic diaphragm (Levator ani + Coccygeus)

Urogenital Diaphragm (Sup. + Deep transverse perineal perineal muscles

Question 26

What are the ligaments/fascia that collectively make up the endo-pelvic fascia of the pelvic floor?

Answer 26

• Uterosacral ligaments
• Pubocervical Fascia
• Rectovaginal fascia

Question 27

What is an episiotomy?

Answer 27

Surgically planned incision on perineum and posterior vaginal wall during second stage of labour

Question 28

What takes place in a caesarean section?

Answer 28

Defined as delivery of fetus through incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall