Anatomy Flashcards
What pelvic landmark is almost in line vertically with the ASIS in a sagital section?
Pubic symphysis
What abdominal structures are related to the iliac fossa?
Caecum, Appendix, descending colon, sigmoid colon
What abdominal structures are related to the sacrum?
Rectum
What structure marks the separation between the pelvis and perineum?
Pelvic floor/diaphragm
During what process is pelvic floor tear most common?
Childbirth
Which sex of pelvis is thick and heavy?
Male
Which sex has a shallow greater (false) pelvis?
Female
Which sex of pelvis has a narrow and deep lesser (true) pelvis?
Male
What is the shape of the male pelvic inlet?
Heart-shaped
Female is oval + rounded
What is the size of the female pelvic outlet?
Comparatively large
Which sex of pelvis has a narrow sub-pubic angle?
Male
Which pelvic wall muscle covers the obturator foramen?
Obturator Internus
Which nerve runs on the surface of the piriformis?
Sciatic nerve
Which muscles form the levator ani?
Iliococcygeus
Pubococcygeus
Puborectalis
What is the function of levator ani?
Lifts anal canal
What is the most inferior pertioneal pouch in males?
Recto-vesical pouch
Peritonitis may pool here.
Which nerve may be used for anaesthesia block during childbirth?
Pudendal nerve
What are the four sections of the male urethra?
- Preprostatic
- Prostatic
- Membranous
- Spongy
What ligament connects the ovary with the uterus?
Ovarian ligament
List the ligaments of the uterus
- Broad (mesovarium, mesosalpinx, mesometrium)
- Round
- Ovarian
- Suspensory
Where does the round ligament of uterus exit the pelvis?
Inguinal canal
Which ligament of the uterus is the wide fold of peritoneum that connects it to the walls and floor of the pelvis?
Broad ligament
In the lithotomy position, what is the anatomical triangle that is superior to the perineal body?
Urogenital triangle
In the lithotomy position, what is the anatomical triangle that is inferior to the perineal body?
Anal triangle
What are the three distinct layers of the pelvic floor?
- Endopelvic fascia (Surrounds viscera)
- Pelvic diaphragm (Levator ani + Coccygeus)
Urogenital Diaphragm (Sup. + Deep transverse perineal perineal muscles
What are the ligaments/fascia that collectively make up the endo-pelvic fascia of the pelvic floor?
- Uterosacral ligaments
- Pubocervical Fascia
- Rectovaginal fascia
What is an episiotomy?
Surgically planned incision on perineum and posterior vaginal wall during second stage of labour
What takes place in a caesarean section?
Defined as delivery of fetus through incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall
