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Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where are Bipolar neurons seen?

A

Retina, Nose Mucosa, Spiral Ganglion of Ear

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2
Q

Psuedounipolar Neurons are found in?

A

Dorsal Root of Ganglion
Mesencephalic Nucleus of V Nerve
Ganglion of V Nerve

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3
Q

According to Function,

Motor neurons are _________ nerves?

A

Efferent Nerves

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4
Q

According to Function,

Afferent Nerves are _________ nerves.

A

Sensory

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5
Q

Oligodentrocytes are ______ shaped?

A

Oval or Pear Shaped

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6
Q

Neuroglial cells (supporting cells) are?

4 types

A

Macroglial Cells
Microglial Cells
Schwann Cells
Ependymal Cells

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7
Q

Function of Microglial Cells?

A

Phagocytosis

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8
Q

Myelin shealth ‘within’ the CNS is formed by?

A

Oligodentrocytes

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9
Q

Myelin shealth outside the CNS (PNS)is formed by?

A

Schwann Cells

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10
Q

Neuroglial cell that helps in the regeneration of axons once cut?

A

Schwann Cells

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11
Q

Cells that are found in the ventricles of the brain?

A

Ependymal Cells

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12
Q

Astrocytes are _______ shaped?

A

Star Shaped

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13
Q

Astrocytes are mostly found(supporting) _______ part of brain?

A

Blood Brain Barrier

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14
Q

Collection of Cell Bodies within the CNS?

A

Gray Matter

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15
Q

Collection of Axons within thr CNS?

A

White Matter

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16
Q

Dense collection of cell bodies within the CNS?

A

Nuclei

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17
Q

Dense collection of cell bodies outside the CNS?

A

Ganglion

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18
Q

Dense collection of Axons, within the CNS?

A

Tracts

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19
Q

Dense collection of Axons, outside the CNS?

A

Nerves

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20
Q

Forebrain is also known as _________?

A

Prosencephalon

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21
Q

Midbrain is also known as _________?

A

Mesencephalon

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22
Q

Hindbrain is also known as _________?

A

Rhombencephalon

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23
Q

Cerebrum is also known as _________?

A

Telencephalon

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24
Q

Medulla Oblongata is also known as _________?

A

Myelencephalon

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25
Q

Diencephalon comprises of?

A

Thalamus + Hypothalamus

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26
Q

Cerebellum + Pons is together known as?

A

Metencephalon

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27
Q

Forebrain comprises of?

A

Cerebrum
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Basal Ganglia

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28
Q

Hind Brain is composed of?

A

Cerebellum
Pons
Medulla Oblongata

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29
Q

Part knows as the Bulb of the Brain?

A

Medulla Oblongata

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30
Q

Part known as the Vital center of Body is?

A

Medulla Oblongata

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31
Q

Transmission in Somatic Nerves are by?

A

Electrical Transmission

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32
Q

Transmission in Autonomic Nerves is by?

A

Neurotransmitters

Ach and NorAdr

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33
Q

Highest center of brain that controls all motor sensory activities of opposite side of body is?

A

Cerebrum

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34
Q

Controls gross and fine motor activities of same side of body?

A

Cerebellum

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35
Q

Which part helps maintain equilibrium of body and muscle tone?

A

Cerebellum

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36
Q

2 Cerebral hemispheres joined by band of white fibres?

A

Corpus Callosum

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37
Q

2 Cerebellar hemispheres is joined by?

A

Vermis

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38
Q

Cerebral hemispheres are made of 4 lobes?

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital

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39
Q

Cerebellum can be divided into 3 parts based on there anatomy.
The parts are?

A

Anterior Lobe
Middle/Posterior Lobe
FlocculoNodular Lobe

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40
Q

Cerebellum can be divided into 3 parts based on there physiology.
The parts are?

A

Archicerebellum
Paleocerebellum
Neocerebellum

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41
Q

Main cell found in the Outer Grey Matter of Cerebrum?

A

Pyramidal Cells

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42
Q

Cells found in the outer grey matter of Cerebellum?

A 
Main Cell- Purkinje Cells
Basket Cells
Golgi Cells
Granular Cells
Stellate Cells
43
Q

Cells found in the Inner White Matter of Cerebellum?

A

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Fibres

44
Q

Cells found in the Inner White Matter of Cerebrum ?

A

Associative Cerebrum
Commissioned Cerebrum
Projection Cerebrum

45
Q

Cerebellum is arranged in a branching tree pattern, which is called?

A

Arbor Vitae

46
Q

Cerebellum is arranged in a branching tree pattern, which is called?

A

Arbor Vitae

47
Q

Main sensory relay station in the brain?

48
Q

All sensory fibres except which passes throught the thalamus?

A

Olfactory nerve fibres

49
Q

All sensory fibres except which passes throught the thalamus?

A

Olfactory nerve fibres

50
Q

Highest sector of pain perception and important part of limbic system?

51
Q

Position of Hypothalamus?

A

Group of nuclei at base of cerebrum in front and below the thalamus

52
Q

Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus are connected by a portal tract known as?

A

Hypothalamo Hypophyseal Tract

53
Q

Pituitary Gland and Hypothalamus are connected by a portal tract known as?

A

Hypothalamo Hypophyseal Tract

54
Q

Pituitary Gland lies in?

A

Sella turcica

in the body of sphenoid

55
Q

Pituitary Gland lies in?

A

Sella turcica

in the body of sphenoid

56
Q

Anterior Lobe of Pituitary gland secreates which all hormones?
5 Hormones

A

FSH TSH ACTH LH GH

57
Q

Intermediate Lobe of Pituitary gland secreates which all hormones?

58
Q

Posterior Lobe of Pituitary gland secreates which all hormones?

A

ADH, Vasopressin, Oxytocin

59
Q

Ante and Intermediate Lobe of Pituitary Gland is together called?

A

Adeno-hypophysis

60
Q

Posterior Lobe of pituitary gland is also known as?

A

Neuc-hypophysis

61
Q

Initiation of motor activity is done by?

A

Basal Ganglia

62
Q

Motor activity controlled and coordinated by?

A

Pyramidal Tract of Cerebrum

63
Q

Automatic involuntary associated motor movements are done by?

A

Basal Ganglia

64
Q

The basal Ganglia Nuclei are?

A 
Corpus Striatum :
  Caudate Nuclei
   Lentiform Nuclei-Globus Pallicles & Putamen
Claustrum
Amygdaloid Body
65
Q

Physiological Nuclei of Basal Ganglia?

A

Substansia nigra

Subthalmic Nuclei

66
Q

Shortest segment of the brain?

67
Q

Cerebral Peduncle consist of?

A

Cres Cerebri
Tegmentum
Substansia nigra

68
Q

Posterior 2/3 of brain is called?

69
Q

Red nucleus?

A

Cranial N nuclei in tegmentum

Concerned with muscle tone

70
Q

Lenth of Spinal Cord?

71
Q

Spinal Cord reaches till what length?
Adults
Infants

A

Adults L1 to L2

Infants L3

72
Q

Brain stem includes?

A

Pons, MO, MB

73
Q

5 parts of internal capsule?

A 
Anterior Limb
Genu
Posterior Limb
Retro Lentiform Part
Sub Lentiform Part
74
Q

MC parts of internal capsule affected during a lesion?

A

Genu and Posterior Limb

75
Q

All motor and senory nerve fibres pass through the internal capsule, except?

A

Olfactory Nerve Fibres

76
Q

MC artery to get affected during an internal capsule lesion?

A

Lenticulo Striate/ Central part of Middle Cerebral Artery

77
Q

MCC of damage to central part of MCA is?

A

Uncontrolled Hypertension

78
Q

Cranial nerves that are covered by meninges?

A

Olfactory Nerves

Ocular Nerves

79
Q

Main vessel of EDH?

A

Middle Meningeal Artery

80
Q

Main vessel of SDH?

A

Cerebral Veins

81
Q

Main vessel of SAH?

A

Circle of Willis

82
Q

Main vessel of ICH?

A

Lenticulostriate or Central Branch of MCA

83
Q

MCC of SAH?

A

Berry Aneurysm

84
Q

MCC of ICH?

A

Uncontrolled HTN

85
Q

For lumbar puncture, space between ____ to ____.

MC used?

A

L1 to S2

L3 to L4

86
Q

MCC site for Lumbar Puncture?

87
Q

Spinal Puncture layers?

A 
Skin
Supraspinous Ligament
Interspinous Ligament
Ligamentum Flava
Dura
Arachnoid
88
Q

Spinal nerves ____pairs?

A

31 pairs

8 Cervical
12 Thorax
5 Lumbar
5 Sacral
1 Coccyx
89
Q

Vertebrae _____pairs

A 
33 pairs
7 Cervical
12 Thorax
5 Lumbar
5 Sacal 
4 Coccyx
90
Q

Intraocular Muscles?

A

Dialator Papillae
Constrictor Papillae
Ciliaris

91
Q

Purely sensory cranial nerves?

A

1, 2, 8

Special senses except taste

92
Q

Purely motor cranial nerves?

A

3, 4, 6, 11, 12

Extra Occular Nerves and last 2 nerves

93
Q

Nuclei of CN?

A

2 Cerbrum
3 MB
4 Pons
4 MO

94
Q

CN 5 nuclei is present at?

A

Midbrain and Pons

95
Q

Longest CN?

96
Q

Shortest CN?

97
Q

Largest or Thickest CN?

A

Trigeminal N

98
Q

Slender CN?

99
Q

Longest Intracranial Course for CN?

A

‘4’ and also 6

100
Q

CN covered with Meniges?

101
Q

CN that cannot regenerate?

A

Optic Nerve

102
Q

Why Optic Nerve cant regenerate?

A

Not covered with Neurelima sheath.

No Schwann Cells

103
Q

First CN to be affected in increased intracranial tension or pressure raised?

A

Abducent (6th CN)

104
Q

CN exiting out from the ponto-medullary junction?

CJJ (6 decks)

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