Anatomy 3 Flashcards
A blocked Meibomian gland
Painless
Removal can be necessary
Chalazion
Inflammation of eyelid margins
Treated by eyelid scrubs and warm compresses or staph infection/antibiotic ointment
Blepharitis
Outward turning of the eyelid, results in exposure and tearing
Faulty drainage
May require surgery
Ectropion
Inward turning of the eyelid that causes lashes to irritate the cornea
Atrophy, disease or injury to retractor muscle
Surgery usually required
Entropion
Paralysis of levator muscle
may block visual pathways
belphartoptosis
inflammation of the lacrimal sac
may be infected
dacryocystitis
blood behind bulbar conjunctiva
trauma or hypertension
subconjunctival hemorrhage
Benign, yellowish tumor of bulbar conjunctiva
Caused by UV exposure
usually bilateral, nasal
Can be removed for cosmetic reasons
Pinguecula
Triangular overgrowth of bulbar conjunctive
Uv, Wind, Dust
may encroach onto the cornea
Pterygium
Inflammation of conjunctiva
viral bacterial allergic chemical etc
treatment depends on cause
conjnctivitis
Reaction to soiled contact lenses
papillae form over tarsal region of upper lid
Solution: wear glasses
giant papillary conjunctivitis (GPC)
recurrent ocular inflammatory disease that occcurs seasonally
Allergic, spring and summer
severe itching to probable corneal damage
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
benign
self-limiting
inflammatory disease
Episcleritis
Old age syndrome where there is a white, grey, or blue opaque ring in the corneal margin (peripheral corneal opacity), or white ring in front of the periphery of the iris
Arcus Senillis
Eyelid cancer
basal cell carcinoma
Bulging of the cornea like a cone, best vision with RGP’s or hybrid lenses to correct for irregular astigmatism
keratoconus
white opacity on the cornea
leukoma
painful open sore that can cause loss of vision and even blindness
Prominent with contact lens wearers
conreal ulcers
birthmark in eye
nevus
black eye
ecchymosis
pooling or collection of blood inside the anterior chamber
hyphemia
Small vesicles, or bullae, are formed in the cornea due to endothelial dysfunction. Opaque
Bollous Keratopathy
Absence of the iris
Aniridia
Missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye
Congenital coloboma
the innermost layer of the cells in the cornea undergoes degenerative changes
Fuch’s Dystrophy
The goblet cells that secrete mucous into the tear film are located in which structure?
A. retina
B. ciliary body
C. tarsal plate of the eyelid
D. conjunctiva
D. conjunctiva
The transition zone between the bulbar conjunctiva and the palpebral conjunctiva is called the:
Fornix
In the latter stages of keratoconus, the following may be observed
- Munson’s sign
- distorted mires
- corneal opacities
- Fleischer’s ring
Which of the following patients will experience the most image magnification?
A. myope wearing spectacles
B. myope wearing contacts
C. hyperope wearing spectacles
D. hyperope wearing contacts
C. hyperope wearing spectacles
The preferred method of vision correction in keratoconus is:
A. spectacles
B. surgery
C. soft contact lenses
D. rigid contact lenses
D. rigid contact lenses
The eyelid muscle responsible for closure of the lids is the:
A. orbicularis oculi
B. pectoral blephari
C. levator superioris
D. dilator pupillae
A. orbicularis oculi
Which of the following is not characteristic of corneal edema?
A. increase in k readings
B. smoky vision
C. spectacle blur
D. peripheral flare
D. peripheral flare
When decompensation of the ________ occurs, aqueous humor leaks into the anterior layers of the
cornea forming bullae.
A. epithelium
B. bowman’s membrane
C. endothelium
D. stroma
C. endothelium
