Anatomy 2 Flashcards
In lids near the junction of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva (Fornix)
Near goblet cells that secrete mucous
Glands of kraus and wolfring
Secretes tears
Lacrimal Gland
Secrete mucin and are found in the lid conjunctiva
Goblet Cells
Covers inner surface of the eyelids
Palpebral conjunctiva
Covers the anterior parts of sclera, globe to limbus
Bulbar Conjunctiva
lines inside of the eyelids and covers the sclera
helps lubricate the eye by producing tears and mucus
Conjunctiva
tears(precorneal tearfilm) 3 layers
Lipid/ Sebaceous - Fatty
Lacrimal/ Aqueous - Nutrients
Mucin/ Mucoid - Wetting and lubrication
Evaluates tear drainage system function. This test measures the length of time for fluorescein dye to appear inside the nose after being instilled in the cornea.
Jones test
how long is palpebral fissure (a lid opening)
30mm
…% of refraction takes place in the cornea
75
Average corneal thickness
THINNER in center and THICKER in periphery
0.53
zone of the cornea, largest in center
Also know as corneal cap
Apical zone
Zone of the cornea sized 4-6mm
Apical zone
Zone of the cornea between apical zone and the limbus
Transition Zone
Zone of the cornea near the periphery
Limbal Zone
depression around the cornea and divides the cornea from the sclera.
Sulcus
Outermost layer of the cornea that is 5-6 layers thick
Has 3 cell layers Squamous, Wing cell and basal layer
Epithelium
2nd outermost layer of the cornea with thin elastic acellular membrane of stromal collagen
Scars if damaged
Cannot be separated from stroma.
Bowman’s membrane
Middlemost layer of the cornea
makes up 90% of total corneal thickness.
Scars if damaged
Stroma
2nd innermost layer of cornea
Elastic membrane secreted by the endothelium
will reform if damaged
Descemet’s membrane
innermost layer of cornea
hexagonal
endothelium
disorder connected to endothelium that causes variation in cell size
Polymegethsim
disorder connected to endothelium that causes variation in cell shape
Polymorphism
disorder connected to endothelium that causes deposits on the endothelium indicating endothelial dysfunction
Endothelial Guttata
is formed when glucose breaks down in to the nucleus of the cells creating a pumping action, therefor maintains the proper water balance in the cornea.
ATP
Swelling of the corneal tissue and results when forces normally dehydrating the cornea are overcome by forces driving water into the cornea
Edema
Three instruments used to look at corneal edema
- Pachometer
- Keratometer
- Slit Lamp
Swelling of the epithelial cells, it is a reversible form of edema
Gross edema
Non-reversible edema that involves cell death at the epithelium
Caused by over wearing syndrome causes photophobia
microcystic edema
This provides oxygen and glucose to the cornea and lens
Aqueous humor
What filters the light and UV rays due to pigmentation?
Iris
What controls light by dilating and constricting the pupil?
Iris
The average adult pupil size is ______________.
3-4mm
The _________ is the posterior portion of the uveal tract.
Choroid
The ___________ is composed of blood vessels and lies between the sclera and the retina.
Choroid
The __________________ provides blood supply for the outer cells of the retina.
Choroid
The _____________ is located immediately behind the iris and is a clear membrane like structure that is quite elastic.
Crystalline lens
The ______________________ is a band like structure that encircles the inside of the eye from the iris root to the anterior edge of the retina attached to the ora serrata.
ciliary muscle
What muscle aids in the accommodation process?
Ciliary muscles
What muscle aids in the accommodation process?
Ciliary muscles
The __________________ is the innermost layer of the eye
Retina
The ________ converts light entering the eye via nerve impulses.
Retina
may cause dry eye
alcohol, diabetes, arthritis HIV, General medications that may cause dry eye
This is a blocked Zeiss gland
hordeolum
