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A Intro to Neuro > Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Divisions of the spine

A

-4 segments of spinal cord nerves:
-cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

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2
Q

What portion of the spine is for arm control?

A

Cervical

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3
Q

What portion of the spine is for leg control?

A

Lumbar

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4
Q

Descending spinal pathways

A

Need to know?

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5
Q

Lobes of the brain

A
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6
Q

Insula

A

Typically hidden by temporal lobe and only seen when Sylvian fissure is pulled apart

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7
Q

Cerebellum

A

Heavily folded region that is caudal to the cerebral cortex and dorsal to the brainstem

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8
Q

The cerebellum is ___ to the cerebral cortex

A

Caudal

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9
Q

The cerebellum is ___ to the brainstem

A

Dorsal

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10
Q

Pons

A

Caudal to the midbrain

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11
Q

Medulla

A
  • Caudal to the pons
  • Connected to the spinal cord
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12
Q

The brainstem is composed of the ___, ___, and ___

A

Midbrain, pons, and medulla

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13
Q

Sulci and gyri

A

● Sulci (grooves or ditches in brain) vs. gyri
(outpouching in brain) → maximize
brain’s surface area
● The central sulcus separates the frontal
lobe (rostral to the central sulcus) and
parietal lobe (caudal to the central
sulcus)
○ Precentral gyrus is immediately rostral to the
central sulcus
○ Postcentral gyrus is immediately caudal to the
central sulcus

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14
Q

Lateral/Sylvian fissure

A

Separates temporal lobe from frontal and parietal lobes

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15
Q

Superior temporal gyrus

A

Superior part of temporal lobe and borders Sylvian fissure

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16
Q

Brodmann Areas

A
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17
Q

Sequence of CSF flow

A

Starts out in lateral ventricles → 3rd ventricle → cerebral aqueduct (between tectum and tegmentum of midbrain) → 4th ventricle (pons and medulla)

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18
Q

Any blockage to CSF flow can cause ___

A

Hydrocephalus

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19
Q

What is the small fluid-filled chamber in the center of the spine?

A

Spinal/central canal

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20
Q

Midsagittal gross structure

A
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21
Q

Name this structure

A

Cingulate gyrus

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22
Q

Name this structure

A

Optic chiasm

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23
Q

Name this structure

A

Pons

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24
Q

Name this structure

A

Medulla

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25
Q

Name this structure

A

Cerebellum

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26
Q

Name this structure

A

Temporal lobe

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27
Q

Name this structure

A

Corpus collosum

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28
Q

Midsagittal medial temporal lobe structures

A
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29
Q

Midsagittal ventricles

A
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30
Q

Name the structures of the transverse cerebrum (most rostral coronal section)

A
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31
Q

Name the structures of the transverse cerebrum (second most rostral, moving causally, past the central sulcus)

A
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32
Q

Name the structures of the transverse cerebrum - basal ganglia (3rd most rostral)

A
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33
Q

The basal ganglia are composed of ___ structures

A

3

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34
Q

What are the structures of the basal ganglia

A
  • Caudate
  • Putamen
  • Globus pallidus
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35
Q

Striatum

A

Caudate and putamen (of the basal ganglia) are collectively called the striatum

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36
Q

Name the structures of the transverse cerebrum

A
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37
Q

Thalamus and hypothalamus

A
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38
Q

Hippocampus & amygdala

A
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39
Q

Transverse view - hippocampus and amygdala

A
40
Q

Brainstem?

A
41
Q

Medulla - common themes

A
42
Q

Brain scanning

A
43
Q

Name this structure

A

Lateral column

44
Q

Name this structure

A

Ventral horn

45
Q

Name this structure

A

Ventral column

46
Q

Name this structure

A

Dorsal horn

47
Q

Name this structure

A

Dorsal columns

48
Q

Name this structure

A

Spinal canal

49
Q

Name this structure

A

Lateral horn

50
Q

Name this structure

A

Dorsal root filaments

51
Q

Name this structure

A

Dorsal root

52
Q

Name this structure

A

Dorsal root ganglion

53
Q

Name this structure

A

Spinal nerve

54
Q

Name this structure

A

Ventral root

55
Q

Name this structure

A

Ventral root filaments

56
Q

Name this structure

A

Spinal pia mater

57
Q

Name this structure

A

Subarachnoid space

58
Q

Name this structure

A

Spinal arachnoid

59
Q

Name this structure

A

Spinal dura mater

60
Q

The cerebrum is ___ to the midbrain

A

Rostral

61
Q

The midbrain is ___ to the pons

A

Rostral

62
Q

The medulla is ___ to the pons

A

Caudal

63
Q

The pons is ___ to the midbrain

A

Caudal

64
Q

The pons is ___ to the medulla

A

Rostral

65
Q

The spinal cord is ___ to the medulla

A

Caudal

66
Q

The cerebellum is ___ to the pons and medulla

A

Dorsal

67
Q

Tectum and tegmentum are the floor and roof of the ___

A

Midbrain

68
Q

Name these structures

A
69
Q

Sagittal section with labels

A
70
Q

Coronal section with labels

A
71
Q

Location of caudate (how to recognize)

A

Lateral to the lateral ventricles

72
Q

The internal capsule is composed of ___

A

White matter

73
Q

Location of thalamus (how to recognize)

A

Lateral to 3rd ventricle

74
Q

The ventral horns of the human spinal cord contain neurons that are mostly ___

A

Motor

75
Q

Name this structure of the MIDBRAIN

A

Cerebral aqueduct

76
Q

Name this structure of the MIDBRAIN

A

Substantia nigra

77
Q

Name this structure of the MIDBRAIN

A

Tectum

78
Q

Name this structure of the MIDBRAIN

A

Tegmentum

79
Q

Is the tectum or tegmentum more rostral?

A

Tectum (roof)

80
Q

The dorsal part of the spine carries ___ information

A

Sensory

81
Q

The ventral part of the spine carries ___ information

A

Motor (Vm)

82
Q

Which structure is more caudal: pons or thalamus?

A

Pons

83
Q

Damage to the rostral hindbrain during development affects development of the ___

A

Cerebellum

84
Q

Which of the following structures is more medial and more caudal to the substantial nigra?
a) third ventricle
b) cerebral peduncles
c) spinal canal

A

c) Spinal canal

85
Q

Which of the following structures lies dorsal to the thalamus?
a) the amygdala
b) the corpus callosum
c) the globus pallidus
d) the tegmentum

A

b) Corpus callosum

86
Q

The four little hills located in the tectum are called the ___

A

Colliculi

87
Q

Saggital cut labelled

A
88
Q

Name this structure

A

Pituitary

89
Q

Name this structure

A

Amygdala

90
Q

Name this structure

A

Hippocampus

91
Q

Name this structure

A

Thalamus

92
Q

Name this structure

A

Hypothalamus

93
Q

All of the following are true about the medullary pyramids EXCEPT

a) they are ventral to the dorsal column nuclei
b) they contain axons of the corticospinal tract
c) they carry sensory information
d) they contain oligodendroglia

A

c) they carry sensory information

Ventral side, motor, part of corticospinal tract

94
Q

Which is more caudal: medulla or cerebellum

A

Medulla

95
Q

The msot ventral structure in the medulla is the

a) inferior olive
b) medullary pyramids
c) fourth ventricle
b) dorsal column

A
96
Q

Which is more rostral: amygdala or hippocampus?

A

Amygdala

97
Q

Does the hippocampus border the lateral ventricles?

A

Yes

A Intro to Neuro (22 decks)

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