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CMPA411 RENAL > Anatomy > Flashcards

Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Bean-shaped paired organs

A

Kidney

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2
Q

Receive ? of cardiac output (at rest)

A

20%

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3
Q

Receive ? cardiac output (under stress)

A

2-4%

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4
Q

Receive ? cardiac output (under stress)

A

2-4%

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5
Q

Kidney Location

A

Posterior abdominal wall, retroperitoneal
T12-L3 (iliac crest)

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6
Q

Anatomic & functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

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7
Q

1 million per kidney

A

Nephron

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8
Q

Urine three-step process: transfer of water and waste from blood to glomerulus

A

Filtration

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9
Q

Urine three-step process: water and necessary ions are transferred back into the blood

A

Reabsorption

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10
Q

Urine three-step process: excess substances and wastes are removed and transferred into urine

A

Excretion

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11
Q

Nephron Parts: Urine filtration (water & solutes except blood, albumin & fibrinogen)

A

Glomerulus

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12
Q

Nephron Parts: Is a unique network of capillaries suspended between the afferent and afferent blood vessels

A

Glumerulus

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13
Q

Nephron Parts: Collects the filtrate

A

Bowman’s Capsule/ Glomerular Capsule

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14
Q

Nephron Parts: Epithelial structures that encloses the glomerulus

A

Bowman’s Capsule/ Glomerular Capsule

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15
Q

Nephron Parts:
Reabsorption (peritubular capillaries)
Glucose (active transport)
Sodium (active transport)
Chloride & Bicarbonate (diffusion)
80% of water (osmosis)

A

Proximal Converted Tubule

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16
Q

Nephron Parts: Reabsorption
Ø Water (osmosis)
Ø Chloride (active transport)
Ø Sodium (diffusion)

A

Loop of Henle

17
Q

Nephron Parts: Reabsorption
Ø Sodium (active transport aldosterone)
Ø Water (osmosis-ADH)
Ø Secretion (active transport)
Ø Hydrogen
Ø Potassium
Ø Ammonia

A

Distal Convoluted Tubule

18
Q

Nephron Parts: Final osmotic reabsorption of water (ADH)

A

Collecting Tubules

19
Q

Ureters Size

A

10 -12 inches (25-30 cm)

20
Q

Expands as it enters the kidney to form the renal pelvis (subdivided into calyces each containing renal papillae)

A

Ureters

21
Q

Collects urine secreted by the kidney & propels it to the bladder by peristaltic wave

A

Ureters

22
Q

Hollow, spherical, collapsible bag of smooth muscle
Behind the symphysis pubis
Reservoir for urine

A

Urinary Bladder

23
Q

Capacity of the adult bladder

A

300-500 mL

24
Q

Musculo-membranous tube lined with mucosa opening to urinary meatus

A

Urethra

25
Q

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) Constant

A

125 mL/min

26
Q

Urine Volume Control (4)

A

Glomerular Filtration Rate
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone-System
Antidiuretic Hormone
Plasma/Urine Osmolality

CMPA411 RENAL (9 decks)

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