Anatomy Flashcards
Area of enhanced vitreo-retinal adhesion
edge of retinal scars Vitreous base Edge of lattice retinal degneration major retinal blood vessels Optic nerve
6th Nerve Nucleus
Caudal Pons anterior to 4th ventricle
Volume anterior chamber
250 microlitres
Foramen Ovale pierces what structure?
Pierces GREATER wing of sphenoid
Outer capillary plexus of retina is in which layer?
INL
How many degrees is the fovea displaced from the optic nerve?
15
What is the nasolacrimal duct lined by?
Stratified columnar ciliated epithelium
Chroid - rate of blood flow?
1400 ml/min per 100g
Outer retinal blood-brain barrier
Tight juncitons of RPE
Choroid length
posterior pole - 0.22mm
Anteriorly - 0.1mm
where is the density of capillaries (in choroid) densest and greatest?
macula
Ciliary body size
temporal - 6.5mm
nasal - 5.5mm
cells of ciliary body
inner non-pigmented
outer pigmented
apices face each other, connected by ciliary channels
what is non-pigmented layer of CB continuous with?
ILM of neuroretina
What forms the myoepithelium of the DILATOR pupillae?
Basal process of ANTERIOR cell of POSTERIOR pigment epithelium of iris
Origins of eyelid arterial supply
Medial palpebral: dorsal nasal
Lateral palpebral: lacrimal
Both from ICA
LPS inservatoin
bilateral
Superior rectus and SO innervation
contralateral nuclei
Histology of limbus
Schwalbe’s line to scleral spur
CNVI course
Bound to brainstem close to its origin by the ANTERIOR INFERIOR CEREBELLAR artery
Choroid outer to inner
Haller’s –> Sattlers –> Choircapillaris –> Bruch’s membrane
Volume of vitreous?
4mls
Upper visual field coresponding to which cortex?
Below calcarine fissure
Comparing aqeous to lens
Aqueous:
water, Na, Cl, Glucose
Lens:
Amino Acids, Gluthathione, K+
Resting membrane potential in neurons?
-70mv
Gland of Zeis
Sebaceous gland
Meibominan gland
Modified sebaceous gland
Gland of Moll
Modified sweat gland
Cilioretinal artery
15-20% of people
Supplies between optic disc and macula
Enters retina at LATERAL border of ON
Chiasm
temporal hemiretinal fibres continue ipsilaterally
nasal hemiretinal fibres decussate
inferior nasal fibres in decussating loop forward into the opposite optic nerve for a short distance called Wilbrand ‘s knee (junctional scotoma)
fibres from upper retinal quadrants lie superior
fibres from the lower retinal quadrants lie inferior
inferior nasal fibres decussate anteriorly and inferiorly
superior nasal fibres decussate posteriorly and superiorly
macula fibres decussate primarily in the posterior superior portion of the chiasm
Where does the CRA and vein pierce the dura?
12mm behind the eyeball, infero-medially
Vein lies more posteriorly to artery, takes a more prolonged course in the subarach
Which visual field fans out laterally and inferiorly around the anterior tip of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle?
superior visual field (inferior retina)
Which wall of calcarine sulcus will the inferior visual field go to?
Inferior VF = Superior retina = superior calcarine sulcus
CSF Movements
CSF is produced mainly by choroid plexus in the lateral, third and fourth ventricles. CSF flows from the lateral ventricle to the third ventricle through the interventricular foramen (also called the foramen of Monro). The third ventricle and fourth ventricle are connected to each other by the cerebral aqueduct. CSF then flows into the subarachnoid space through the foramina of Luschka (there are two of these) and the foramen of Magendie (only one of these). Absorption of the CSF into the blood stream takes place in the superior sagittal sinus through structures called arachnoid villi.
Superior oblique
longest tendon
Superior rectus
biggest muscle belly
inferior oblique
shortest muscle tendon
Lymph drainage from eyelids
Superficial parotid
Submandibular nodes
Where does all the lymphatic drainage from the head and neck go to>
Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes
Decemets membrane is continuous with ?
TM
