Anatomical Terms and Medical Specialties - Medical Specialties Flashcards
1
Q
gastroenterology
A
the study of the stomach and intestines (and related structures)
2
Q
gastrointestinal system
structures
A
- mouth (teeth and tongue)
- salivary glands
- pharynx (throat)
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- large intestine
- liver
- gallbladder
- pancreas
3
Q
gastrointestinal system
functions
A
- taste (receive sensory information)
- digest food (mechanically and chemically)
- absorb nutrients into the blood
- excrete undigested wastes
4
Q
gastroenterology
system
A
gastrointestinal system
5
Q
pulmonology
A
the study of the lungs (and related structures)
6
Q
pulmonology
system
A
respiratory system
7
Q
respiratory system
structures
A
- nose
- pharynx (throat)
- larynx (voice box)
- trachea
- bronchi
- bronchioles
- alveoli (in the lungs)
8
Q
respiratory system
functions
A
- inhale oxygen
- exhale carbon dioxide
- exchange gases in the alveoli
9
Q
cardiology
A
the study of the heart (and related structures)
10
Q
cardiology
body system
A
cardiovascular system
11
Q
cardiovascular system
structures
A
- heart
- arteries
- veins
- capillaries
12
Q
cardiovascular system
functions
A
circulate blood throughout the body
13
Q
hematology
A
the study of the blood
14
Q
hematology
body system
A
blood
15
Q
hematology
structures
A
blood (blood cells and plasma)
16
Q
blood
functions
A
- transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells
- transport carbon dioxide to the lungs and wastes to the kidneys
17
Q
immunology
A
the study of the immune response
18
Q
immunology
body system
A
blood & lymphatic system
19
Q
immunology
structures
A
- lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and lymph fluid
- spleen
- thymus
- white blood cells
20
Q
lymphatic system
functions
A
recognize and destroy disease-causing organisms and abnormal cells
21
Q
dermatology
A
the study of the skin (and related structures)
22
Q
dermatology
body system
A
integumentary system
23
Q
integumentary system
structures
A
- skin
- hair
- nails
- sweat glands
- oil glands
24
Q
integumentary system
functions
A
- pain, touch, temperature (receive sensory information)
- protect internal organs
- regulate body temperature by sweating
25
orthopedics
the knowledge and practice of producing straightness of the bones and muscles in a child or other person
26
orthopedics
| body system
skeletal system & muscular system
27
skeletal system
| structures
- bones
- cartilage
- ligaments
- joints
28
skeletal system
| functions
support the body
29
muscular system
| structures
- muscles
| - tendons
30
muscular system
| functions
produce movement of the body
31
neurology
the study of the nerves (and related structures)
32
neurology
| body system
nervous system
33
nervous system
| structures
- brain
- cranial nerves
- spinal cord
- spinal nerves
- cerebrospinal fluid
- neurons
34
nervous system
| functions
- receive, relay, and interpret sensory information (vision, hearing, smell, taste, pain, touch, temperature, body position, balance)
- coordinate movement
- store and interpret memory and emotion
35
urology
the study of the urine and the urinary system
36
urology
| body system
urinary system
37
urinary system
| structures
- kidneys
- ureters
- bladder
- urethra
- nephrons
38
urinary system
| functions
excrete urine and waste products
39
male reproductive medicine
studies the structures that produce children
40
male reproductive medicine
| body systems
male genital and reproductive system
41
male genital and reproductive system
| structures
- scrotum
- testes
- epididymides
- vas deferens
- seminal vesicles
- prostate gland
- urethra
- penis
42
male genital and reproductive system
| functions
- secrete male hormones
- produce sperm
- deliver sperm to the female reproductive system
43
gynecology (GYN)
the study of females
44
gynecology
| body systems
female genital and reproductive system
45
female genital and reproductive system
| structures
- breasts
- ovaries
- uterine tubes
- uterus
- vagina
- external genitalia
46
female genital and reproductive system
| functions
- secrete female hormones
- produce ova
- menstruation
- accept sperm from the male
- pregnancy
- milk production after childbirth
47
obstetrics (OB)
the knowledge and practice of treating women during pregnancy and childbirth
48
endocrinology
the study of the glands within the body that secrete hormones
49
endocrinology
| body system
endocrine system
50
endocrine system
| structures
- pituitary gland
- pineal gland
- thyroid gland
- parathyroid glands
- thymus
- pancreas
- adrenal glands
- ovaries
- testes
51
endocrine system
| functions
- secrete hormones into the blood
| - direct the activities of the body
52
ophthalmology
the study of the eye (and other structures)
53
ophthalmology
| structures
eyes
54
eyes
| functions
vision (receive sensory information)
55
otolaryngology
the study of the ears, nose, pharynx (throat), (larynx, and related structures)
56
otolaryngology
| body system
ears, nose, and throat (ENT) system
57
ENT system
| structures
- ears
- nose
- sinuses
- pharynx (throat)
- larynx (voice box)
58
ENT system
| functions
- hearing (receive sensory information)
- balance (receive sensory information)
- smell (receive sensory information)
- speech
59
psychiatry
the medical treatment of the mind
60
oncology
the study of a (cancerous) tumor or mass
61
radiology and nuclear medicine
Radiology is the study and use of x-rays, sound waves, and other forms of radiation and energy to diagnose diseases and conditions.
62
dentistry
a process related to the specialty of the teeth
63
dietetics
the knowledge and practice of foods and diet
64
pharmacology
the stud6 of medicines and drugs
65
neonatology
the study of new babies at birth
66
pediatrics
the knowledge and practice of children and their medical treatment
67
geriatrics
the knowledge and practice of persons of old age and their medical treatment
