Anatomical Sciences 14% 9Q Flashcards
Name the bones formed via purely intramembranous ossification
- Parietal
- Frontal
- Nasal
- Lacrimal
- Maxilla
- Palatine
- Zygomatic
- Vomer
what type of ossification is described as direct deposition of bone layers onto CT?
intramembranous ossification
Name the bones formed via purely endochondral ossification
- Stapes
- Hyoid
- Ethmoid
- Incus
- Inferior Concha
nemonic (SHEII)
what kind of ossification occurs directly to an embryonic cartilaginous model precursor?
endochondral ossification
Name the bones formed via mixed intramembranous and endochondral ossification
nemonic: MMOST
- Mandible
- Malleus
- Occipital
- Sphenoid
- Temporal
The craniofacial complex is made of 22 bones comprising of ___ facial bones and ___ cranial bones
14 facial
8 cranial
what is the name of part of the temporal bone at the base of the zygomatic arch that is lateral to articular eminence of glenoid fossa, anterior to condyle, and posterior to coronoid notch
articular tubercle
what is the attachment site of the TM ligament?
articular tubercle
which cervical vertebrae is responsible for the “yes” motion of the head?
atlas (C1)
which cervical vertebrae is responsible for the “no” motion of the head?
C2 = Axis
Which cranial nerves travel through the superior orbital fissure ?
III, IV, V1 and VI
occulomotor, trochlear, ophthalmic branch of trigeminal, and abducens
Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen ovale?
V3 (trigeminal nerve mandibular division)
Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen rotundum?
V2 (trigeminal nerve maxillary division)
Which cranial nerve passes through the foramen spinosum?
middle meningeal branch of V3
Which cranial nerve passes through the internal acoustic meatus?
VII and VIII
facial nerve and vestibulocochlear
Which cranial nerve passes through the jugular foramen?
IX, X, XI
glossopharyngeal, vagus and accessory
Which cranial nerve passes through the hypoglossal canal?
the hypoglossal nerve, CNXII
the Pterygomaxillary Fissure is bordered anteriorly by the __________ and posteriorly boy the ___________
Maxilla (a) and Sphenoid (p)
the the Pterygomaxillary Fissure is traversed by the _______ artery
maxillary artery (and nerve)
the formaen ___________ enters the the pterygomaxillary Fissure from the posterior and the sphenopalatine foramen enters from the medial
rotundum
sutures united by ligaments are called ______________ while sutures united by hyaline cartilage are called _____________. The fusion of 2 sutures is called ________
Syndesmoses
Synchondroses
Synostosis
Cranial base synchondroses closure:
Intersphenoid:
Sphenoethmoid: ___ - ___ years
Sphenooccipital: ___ - ___ years
Intersphenoid: fused at birth
Sphenoethmoid: 3 - 5 years
Sphenooccipital: 12 - 15 years
what happens to growth upon synostoses?
the sutures (synchondroses) cease to be growth centers
which muscle is at the corner of the lips and pulls lips sideways for social smile
Risorius
which muscle elevates the corner of lip when smiling?
Zygomaticus major
which muscle elevates the upper lip when smiling?
Levator Labialis Superioris
which muscle protrudes and puckers the lip?
Orbicularis Oris
the lateral pterygoid muscle has 2 heads which both have their insertion at the ___________ head and ___________ of TMJ. The origin of the upper lateral pterygoid is on the infratemporal surface of the ______ bone; the origin of the lower lateral pterygoid is the ________ surface of the lateral pterygoid plate.
condyle
disc
sphenoid
lateral
lateral pterygoid muscle functions to:
Protrude the Mandible, open the jaw, and help the medial pterygoid in moving from side to side.
the medial pterygoid functions to:
elevate mandible and excursive movements
the medial pterygoid has 2 origins: deep origin is the ________ surface of the lateral pterygoid and superficial origin in the _____________. The insertion is the medial surface of the _________.
medial
maxillary tuberosity
ramus
the master functions to:
elevate the mandible
The master’s origin is the ____________ and the insertion is the lateral surface of the _____________
zygomatic arch
ramus
The temporals functions to:
elevate the mandible
the origin of the temporals is the temporal line of the _________ and _________ bones; its insertion is the _____________ of the mandible
parietal and sphenoid
coronoid
name the branches of the facial nerve
- Temporal
- Zygomatic
- Buccal
- Marginal Mandibular
- Cervical
The facial nerve emerges from the cranium deep through the internal acoustic meatus and out through the _____________ foramen
stylomastoid
Which muscle is responsible for protrusion of the tongue?
genioglossus
Which muscle is responsible for retrusion of the tongue?
Hyoglossus
Which muscles are responsible for depression of the tongue?
genioglossus and hyoglossus
ALL motor innervation to the tongue is by CN ___
XII, hypoglossal
General sensation and taste to the posterior ⅓ of the tongue is innervated by CN ___
CNIX, glossopharyngeal
General sensation to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue is innervated by CN ___, taste to the anterior ⅔ of the tongue is innervated by CN ___
CN V3, lingual nerve
CN VII vie chorda tympani
Which sinus lies directly beneath the sella turcica?
sphenoid
the frontal, ethmoid, temporal and maxillary sinuses drain into the:
middle nails meatus
the origin of the anterior digastric is the digastric fossa close to the _________ symphysis.
the origin of the posterior digastric is medial surface of ____________ process of temporal bone, and digastric groove between mastoid process and styloid process
lingual
mastoid
Th reinsertion of the ___________ muscle is the Intermediate tendon of the hyoid bone
digastric
The anterior belly of the digastric is innervated by CN ___ and the posterior belly of the digastric is innervated by CN ___
V, tirgeminal
VII, facial
the tendon of the digastric muscle passes through the __________ muscle
stylohyoid
