Anatomical Position Flashcards
Define anatomy.
The study of the structure of body parts and their relationship to each other.
Define physiology.
The study of the function of body parts examined at the organ level
Name the subdivisions of anatomy.
Gross/macroscopic anatomy, which can be subdivided into regional anatomy and system anatomy.
Microscopic anatomy.
Define regional anatomy.
Study of all structures in a particular region of the body.
Define system anatomy.
The study of structures found in a particular system.
Define cytology.
The study of cells.
Define histology.
The study of human tissues.
Define pathology.
The study of disease and injury.
Define microbiology.
The study of microorganisms.
T/F: The structure of of a particular body part is not necessarily related to the function of said body part.
F. Form fits function. Anatomy and physiology go hand-in-hand.
Describe the standard anatomical position.
Body is erect, feet are parallel and slightly apart, arms at the side of the body with palms facing forward.
What is the difference between a plane and a section?
The plane is the imaginary cut made through the body, whereas the section is the actual cut made along the plane.
The terms anterior and posterior are interchangeable with which terms?
Ventral and dorsal.
Anterior and posterior sides of the body are made along which plane?
Frontal plane.
What are the three sagittal planes? What do they mean?
Sagittal plane: runs vertically from top to bottom, dividing the body into left and right portions.
Midsagittal/Medial plane: runs vertically from top to bottom, specifically along the midline of the body
Parasagittal: runs vertically from top to bottom, specifically not centred.
A transverse plane divides the body into _____ and _____ sections.
Superior and inferior.
Name the three planes.
Frontal/coronal, transverse, sagittal.
The directional terms are always based on _______
Standard anatomical positions.
Name the four abdominopelvic quadrants.
R upper quad, L upper quad, R lower quad, L lower quad.
A cut along the sagittal plane divides the body into ____ and _____ sections.
Left and right.
Proximal and distal mean …
Closer or further away from the limb’s original point of attachment.
What is the term for smth between a more medial and more lateral structure?
Intermediate.
A medial structure is found ____ of the body
Towards or at the midline.
A medial structure is found where on the body?
Towards or at the midline.
If smth is superficial, where is it?
Towards or at the body surface.
What are the two major divisions of the skeleton?
Axial and appendicular.
What are the two major divisions of the skeleton?
Axial and appendicular.
Which bones are in the appendicular division of the skeleton?
The arms, legs, and their attachments, hip bone, etc.
All bones that are not skull/face/vertebral column/rib cage.
The axial skeleton has which bones?
Skull, facial bones, vertebral column, ribcage.
What are the two main body cavities?
Dorsal and ventral.
The dorsal body cavity includes which cavities?
The cranial cavity and the vetebral cavity.
The ventral body cavity contains which cavities?
The thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity.
In the ventral body cavity, there is the ________ cavity which holds the ______ and _______ cavities.
Abdominopelvic, abdominal, pelvic.
