ANATOMICAL PATHOLOGY 2.2(HYPERTENSION)

Question 1

CLASSIFICATION OF HYPERTENSION

Answer 1

MID -94 _105
MODERATE 105-114
SEVERE->115

Question 2

BORDERLINE OF PATIENTS TO BE CLOSELY FOLLOWED UP

Answer 2

140/90-160/95

Question 3

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Answer 3

PREVELEANCE AND INCIDENCE INCREASE WITH AGE
HIGH INCIDENCE IN BLACK COMMUNITIES
STRONG COLLERATION BETWEEN BODY MASS&BP
STRONGEST IN YOUNG AND MIDDLE AGED ADULTS

Question 4

AETIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION

Answer 4

ESSENTIAL-PRIMARY OR IDIOPATHIC-95%

SECONDARY-KNOWN CAUSE -5%

Question 5

VASODILATORS

Answer 5

NO
PROSTACYCLIN
KININS
ANP
B ADRENERGIC

Question 6

VASOCONSTRICTORS

Answer 6

ANGIOTENSIN II
CATECHALOMINES
THROMOXANE
ENDOTHELIN
A ADRENERGIC

Question 7

MECHANISMS OF ESSENTIAL

Answer 7

GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY
INCREASED SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY
ABNORMALITIES IN NA &K MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
ABNORMALITIES IN NRAAS

Question 8

SALT SENSITIVE HYPERTENSION

Answer 8

LIDDLE SYNDROME

Question 9

SECONDARY(COARCTATION OF AORTA)

Answer 9

RAISED BP ON EITHER ARM BUT NOT LEGS

FEMORAL PULSE IS OFTEN DELAYED NUT NOT RADISL

Question 10

SECONDARY(DRUGS)

Answer 10

CORCICOSTERIODS

NSAIDS

Question 11

PATHOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION

Answer 11

BENIGN

MALIGNANT

Question 12

MALIGNANT

Answer 12

CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL SYMNDROME CHARACTERIZED BY SEVERE HYPERTENSION SP>200 mmHg, DP>120mmHg
RESULT IN RENAL FAILURE
RENAL HAEMORRHAGES

Question 13

SECONDARY(ENDOCRINE CAUSES)

Answer 13

CUSHING SYNDROME
CONN’S SYNDROME
PHAEOCHROMCYTOMA