Anat Path Flashcards
0
Q
How May endometriosis arise?
A
- retrograde spread through Fallopian tubes
- implantation during c-section
- metaplasia
- lymphatic spread
- blood spread
1
Q
Definition of endometriosis
A
- presence of endometrium in ectopic sites
2
Q
Complications of endometriosis
A
- infertility
- adhesions
- intermittent intestinal obstruction
- endometriod carcinoma
3
Q
Macroscopic types of invasive cervical Ca
A
- ulcerative
- exophytic
- nodular
4
Q
Causes of death in cervical Ca
A
- renal failure
- haemorrhage
- superadded infection
- blood borne metastasis
- iatrogenic
5
Q
What to look at in colposcopy
A
- margin of lesion
- colour of lesion
- arrangement of superficial blood vessels
6
Q
Effects of leiomyomas
A
- menstrual disturbance
- infertility
- repeated abortions
- obstetric complications
7
Q
Definition of hypersplenism
A
Association between peripheral blood pan cytopenia and splenic enlargement
8
Q
Causes of secondary hypersplenism
A
- congestion
- infection
- immune disorders
- red blood cell abnormalities
- neoplasms
- storage disorders
- amyloidosis
9
Q
What may cause local thrombosis in splenic infarction?
A
- sickle cell anaemia
- myeloproliferative disorders
- malignant infiltrates
10
Q
Histology of infectious granulomatous lymphadenitis
A
- follicular hyperplasia
- adjacent granulomas
- marginal zone B-cell hyperplasia
11
Q
Histology of necrotizing lymphadenitis
A
Stellate abscesses within lymph nodes
Surrounded by palisaded histiocytes
12
Q
Morphology of Reed-Sternberg cells
A
- large with multi lobated or bilobed nucleus
- very large eosinophilic nucleoli
- slightly acidophillic cytoplasm
13
Q
How are Hodgkin diseases classified
A
- type and number of neoplastic cells present
- pattern of fibrosis
- proportion of reactive lymphocytes to neoplastic cells
14
Q
Nucleus of nodular lymphocyte predominant HD
A
Popcorn (large folded multi lobated nucleus)
