Anaphy Nervous System

Question 1

What is the reception of all changes happening in the surroundings that are received by parts of the brain

Answer 1

Receiving sensory input

Question 2

What is the process that includes the reception of the signal and the processing of the response

Answer 2

Integrating information

Question 3

What sends signals to muscles, causing them to contract or to glands, causing them to produce secretions

Answer 3

Controlling muscles and glands

Question 4

What is present in the Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 4

brain and spinal chord

Question 5

What is present in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Answer 5

all the nervous tissue outside the CNS

Question 6

What conducts action potentials from sensory receptors to the CNS

Answer 6

sensory division

Question 7

What conducts action potentials to effector organs, such as muscles and glands

Answer 7

motor division

Question 8

What transmits action potentials frm the CNS to skeletal muscles

Answer 8

Somatic nervous system

Question 9

What transmits action potentials from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands

Answer 9

Autonomic nervous system

Question 10

What is the special nervous system found only in the digestive tract

Answer 10

Enteric nervous system

Question 11

What receives stimuli, conduct action potentials, and is also referred as the nerve cell

Answer 11

neurons

Question 12

What are the supportive cells of the CNS and PNS

Answer 12

glial cells

Question 13

In a neuron, What contains a single nucleus

Answer 13

cell body

Question 14

In a neuron, What is cytoplasmic extension from the cell body, that usually receives information from other neurons and transmits the information to the cell body

Answer 14

dendrite

Question 15

In a neuron, What is a single long cell process that leaves the cell body at the axon hillock and conducts sensory signals to the CNS and motor signals away from the CNS

Answer 15

axon

Question 16

These neurons only have one nerve process extending from the cell body: an axon that extends into dendrited

Answer 16

unipolar

Question 17

These neurons have many dendrites and a single axon, as well most abundant within the CNS

Answer 17

multipolar

Question 18

These neurons have 2 processes: one dendrite and one axon

Answer 18

bipolar

Question 19

These neurons have a single process extending from the cell body, which divides into 2 processed as short distance from the cell body

Answer 19

pseudo-unipolar

Question 20

What serves as the major supporting cells in the CNS

Answer 20

Astrocytes

Question 21

What type of cells line the cavities in the brain that contains cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 21

Ependymal

Question 22

What assists the brain by providing protection, nourishment, and waste removal

Answer 22

Cerebral spinal fluid

Question 23

What are the type of cells that act in an immune function in the CNS by removing bacteria and cell debris

Answer 23

Microglial

Question 24

What provides myelin to neurons in the CNS

Answer 24

Oligodendrocytes

Question 25

These type of cells provide myelin to neurons in the PNS

Answer 25

Schwann

Question 26

What are the specialized layers that wrap around the axons of some neurons

Answer 26

Myelin sheaths

Question 27

What are the gaps in the myelin sheath that occur about every millimeters

Answer 27

nodes of Ranvier

Question 28

What are the 2 matters that nervous exists as

Answer 28

gray and white matter

Question 29

This matter consists of groups of neuron cell bodies and their dendrites, where there is very little myelin. Describe their function as well

Answer 29

Gray matter; allows enabled individuals to control movement, memory, and emotions

Question 30

This matter consists of bundles on parallel axons with their myelin sheath. Describe their function as well

Answer 30

White matter; conducts, processes and send nerve signals up and down the spinal chord

Question 31

These channels are always open and ions can "leak" across the membrane down their concentration gradient

Answer 31

leak channels

Question 32

These channels are closed until opened by specific signals

Answer 32

gated channels

Question 33

These channels are opened by neurotransmitters or other chemicals

Answer 33

chemically gated channels

Question 34

These channels are opened by a change in membrane potential

Answer 34

voltage-gated channels

Question 35

What compensates for the constant leakage of ions through leak channels

Answer 35

sodium-potassium pump

Question 36

What is the neuronal pathway by which a reflex occurs and has 5 basic components

Answer 36

reflex arc

Question 37

List the Reflex Arc Components

Answer 37

sensory receptor sensory neuron interneurons motor neuron effector organ (muscles or glands) note: the simplest reflex arcs do not involve interneurons

Question 38

This is a simple pathway in which 2 o more neurons synapse with the same postsynaptic neuron

Answer 38

converging pathway

Question 39

This is a simple pathway in which an axon from one neuron divides and synapses with more than one other postsynaptic neuron

Answer 39

diverging pathway

Question 40

What is the total effect that various potentials altogether

Answer 40

summation

Question 41

What is generated by multiple presynaptic neurons

Answer 41

spatial summation

Question 42

What is generated by a single presynaptic neuron

Answer 42

temporal summation