Anaphy Chapter 1

Question 1

What is Anatomy

Answer 1

investigating body structure
term means to dissect

Question 2

What is Physiology

Answer 2

investigates processes and functions
studies the human organism

Question 3

What is the importance of Anatomy and Physiology

Answer 3

Understand how the body:
responds to stimuli
environmental changes
environmental cues
diseases
injury

Question 4

What are the 4 types of Anatomy

Answer 4

Systemic:
studies body organ-systems

Regional:
Studies body regions (medical schools)

Surface:
Studies external features, for example, bone projections

Anatomical imaging:
Using technologies (x-rays, ultrasound, MRI)

Question 5

What are the levels of Structural and Functional Organization

Answer 5

Atoms
Molecules
Organelles
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Systems (Organ-Systems)
Organism

Question 6

List the 12 major organs of the body

Answer 6

Brain
Spinal Chord
Lungs
Heart
Liver
Pancreas
Spleen
Stomach
Gall Bladder
Large Intestine
Small Intestine
Urinary Bladder

Question 7

List the 11 organ-systems

Answer 7

Reproductive
Urinary
Nervous
Muscular
Respiratory
Skeletal
Lymphatic
Integumentary
Digestive
Endocrine
Cardiovascular

Question 8

List the Characteristics of Life

Answer 8

Organization
Metabolism
Responsiveness
Growth
Development
Reproduction

Question 9

Define Homeostasis

Answer 9

maintenance of constant internal environment despite fluctuations in the external or internal environment, maintains balance

Question 10

List the 3 Variables of Body Properties

Answer 10

Body Temp
Heart Rate
Blood Pressure

Question 11

Describe the Anatomical Positions

Answer 11

person standing erect with face and palms forward
all relational descriptions based on the anatomical position, regardless of body orientation

Question 12

List the Directional Terms

Answer 12

Superior
Inferior
Posterior (ventral)
Anterior (dorsal)
Medial
Lateral
Proximal
Distal
Superficial
Deep

Question 13

Define Superior and Inferior

Answer 13

Superior - above
Inferior - below

Question 14

Define Anterior and Posterior

Answer 14

Anterior - front
Posterior - back

Question 15

Define Medial and Lateral

Answer 15

Medial - close to midline
Lateral - away from midline

Question 16

Define Proximal and Distal

Answer 16

Proximal - close to point of attachment
Distal - far from point of attachment

Question 17

Define Superficial and Deep

Answer 17

Superficial - structure close to the surface
Deep - structure toward the interior of the body

Question 18

List and Define the 4 Body Planes

Answer 18

Sagittal plane: separates the body
into right and left parts

Median plane: a sagittal plane along the midline that divides body into equal left and right halves

Transverse plane: a horizontal plane that separates the body into superior and inferior parts.

Frontal plane: a vertical plane that separates the body into anterior and posterior parts.

Question 19

What is present in this Body Region (Upper Limbs)

Answer 19

upper arm, forearms, wrists, hands

Question 20

What is present in this Body Region (Lower Limbs)

Answer 20

thighs, lower legs, ankles. feet

Question 21

What is present in this Body Region (Central Region)

Answer 21

head, neck, trunk

Question 22

List the Subdivisions of the Abdomen

Answer 22

These planes divide the abdomen into nine regions; right and left hypochondriac regions, epigastric region, umbilical region, right and left lateral regions of abdomen, hypogastric region, and right and left inguinal regions.

Question 23

List the Body Cavities

Answer 23

Thoracic Activity
Mediastinum
Abdominal Cavity
Pelvic Cavity