An Overview Of Analgesic Drugs Flashcards
Where do the 3 receptors work?
Mu- periphery, spinal cord and brain
Delta - peripheral
Kappa- spinal
What are the CNS effects of opioids?
Analgesia Euphoria Respiratory depression Cough suppression Nausea and vomiting Pupillary constriction
What are the peripheral pharmacodynamic effects of opioids?
Inhibition or GI tone and motility
Histamine release from mast cells
What are the 4 endogenous opioid peptides and where do they work?
Endorphins- in brain and mu receptor agonist
Enkephalins- in CNS and immune cells act as mu and delta agonists
Dynorphins in CNS and act through K receptors
Endomorphins- Mu receptor agonist
What are the 3 major effects of NSAIDs and how do they work?
Anti inflammatory
Anti pyretic
Analgesic
Inhibit COX
What is produced in abundance in inflammation and what functions do PGs enhance?
PGE2
Bradykinin receptors, TRPV1 receptors and P2X receptors
Where are TRPV1 highly expressed and what activates them?
In sensory nerves
By inflammatory conditions
Where does tramadol work and what is it used to treat?
Weak opioid receptor agonist
5HT releaser
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor
Treat intermediate to chronic pain
What is used to treat neuropathic pain?
Tricyclic antidepressants
Anti epileptics
What are the three types of GPCR and how do they work?
Mu
Kappa
Delta
Inhibit adenyl Cyclase reduce CAMP open K+ and close Ca2+ causes hyper polarisation and reduce NT