Amphibians Flashcards
AM01
what are the 3 main Orders of amphibians?
- Anura
- Caudata
- Gymnophiona
name 2 amphibians in the order Anura
- frogs
- toads
name 2 amphibians in the order Caudata
- newts
- salamanders
limbless amphibians in the order Gymnophiona that resemble worms or snakes;
burrowing
Caecilians
what is the diet of most amphibians?
carnivorous
these are teeth on the roof of the mout, possessed by some amphibians
vomerine teeth
how many chambers does the amphibian heart have?
3 chambers
(2 atria and 1 ventricle)
how do most amphibians (frogs and toads) reproduce?
external fertilisation
what hormone drives metamorphosis in amphibians
thyroxine
what is the primary sense of amphibians
vision
this is a sensory organ that detects vibrations and pressure changes in water,
possessed by larval amphibians and some adult aquatic species
lateral line
name 4 general clinical signs of disease in amphibians
- skin colouration
- lethargy
- loss of appetite
- abnormal behaviour
name the 3 organs that can be used for respiration in amphibians
- lungs
- gills (depending on stage and species)
- skin
name 2 supplementations that are crucial for amphibians to prevent deficiencies
- calcium
- vitamin D3
this is a particularly deadly fungal disease affecting amphibian populations worldwide
Chytridiomycosis
(Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis)
name 2 ways to administer fluid therapy to amphibians
- soaking
- SC injection
name 2 antiparasitics that can be used in amphibians
- fenbendazole
- metronidazole
how long should newly acquired amphibians be quarantines before being introduced to a collection or habitat
several weeks
name the 5 most common amphibians seen as pets
- Oriental fire-bellied toad
- Axolotl
- Pacman frog
- Australian green tree frog
- Poison dart frog
name the amphibian commonly seen as a pet
small semiaquatic FROG found in northeastern Asia;
3-5cm, 28-57g, 12-30y;
leat at their taget (no extensible tongue);
caution! toxic and can cause discomfort to mouth and eyes
oriental fire-bellied toad
(Bombina orientalis)
name the amphibian commonly seen as a pet
central-south America;
diurnal;
1.5-1.6cm, 38-57g, 25y;
no sexual dimorphism;
constant humidity 80-100%, 22-27°C, no lower than 16-18°C at night;
toxic;
listed as threatened or endangered habitat loss
poison dart frog
(Dendrobatidae)
name the amphibian commonly seen as a pet
australia and new guinea;
nocturnal;
10cm, 16y;
adults eat insects (moth, locust) and small mammals;
flick out tongue for small prey;
susceptible to overweight;
constant humidity 50-60%, 24-29°C, no lower than 18-21°C at night;
listed as ‘least concern’
Australian green tree frog
(Ranoidea caerulea/Litoria caerulea)
name the amphibian commonly seen as a pet
mexico;
crepuscular;
lives in water all its life;
30cm, 15y;
regenerate limbs, gills, eyes, brain;
diet: earthworms, bloodworms, molluscs, insects;
no calcium/vitamins needed;
water temp 15-22°C;
critically endangered;
dechlorinated water
Axolotl
(Ambystoma mexicanum)
name the amphibian commonly seen as a pet
south america;
dirunal;
digging in the substrate;
4-15y;
sexual dimorphism;
diet: insects, small mammals/reptiles, other frogs, fish;
have teeth! no handling;
60-80% humidity, 22-25°C day, 15-20°C night;
least concern;
risk of ammonia poisoning;
Pacman frog
(Ceratophrys spp)
