Amphibia

Question 1

What are the 2 diverging groups after tetrapods?

Answer 1

Amphibians and Amniotes

Question 2

What are the 2 diverging groups after amniotes?

Answer 2

Synapsids (inc. mammals) and Sauropsids (inc. reptiles and birds)

Question 3

What is the name for EXTANT amphibia?

Answer 3

Lissamphibia

Question 4

What are the 3 orders of amphibia?

Answer 4

Urodela (salamanders), Anura (frogs and toads), Caecilians

ALL MONOPHYLETIC

Question 5

They have diverse habitats but never in what environments?

Answer 5

Marine

Question 6

Are amphibians monophyletic?

Answer 6

YES

Question 7

What is a monophyletic group?

Answer 7

A monophyletic group includes all descendants of that most common recent ancestor.

Question 8

What is the original pattern of Lisamphibian devlopment?

Answer 8

Tadpole- back legs and lung devlopment- forelegs and terrestrial + tail regression
(controlled by TSH- pituitary)

Question 9

Example of an amphibian poison released from poison glands in epidermis

Answer 9

Alkaloid batrachotoxin

wiped on poison arrows

Question 10

What happens to gas exchange in amphibians at lower temperatures?

Answer 10

More via skin, less via lungs

Question 11

Problem with vision in ambphibians?

Answer 11

Air and water have different refractive indicies

Question 12

Name a characteristic of Urodela

Answer 12

Long tail

Question 13

Name a characteristic of Anura

Answer 13

Lack tail

Question 14

Benefit of jumping legs with lots of different joint extensions in Anura?

Answer 14

Acceleration at each joing saves energy as each can be slower due to momentum

Question 15

Major difference between Anuran and Urodela communication?

Answer 15

Urodeles are mute + lack ear drums BUT Anuran make sounds and hear well

Question 16

What is a risk to Anurans of being small?

Answer 16

Dessication

Question 17

Name a characteristic of Caecilia

Answer 17

No legs