Aminoglycosides

Question 1

What are the aminoglycosides?

5

Answer 1

Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Neomycin
Amikacin (Amkin)
Streptomycin

Question 2

What kind of bacteria do aminoglycosides work against?

What are they not good for?

Answer 2

GRAM NEG BACTERIA ONLY

solo positive coverage
CNS penetration
Neisseria

Question 3

Are they bacteriosidal or bacteriostatic?

Answer 3

bacteriocidal

Question 4

What are they commonly used with to provide broad empiric coverage?

Answer 4

penicillins

Question 5

What are the adverse effects of aminoglycosides that you need to watch for?

Answer 5

Ototoxic!

Nephrotoxic!

Question 6

What kind of bacteria does Gentamycin cover?

Answer 6

Gram Negative including pseudomonas

Question 7

What diseases/infections is Gentamycin typically used for?

4

Answer 7

1. used with ampicilin in neonatal menigitis
2. septic shock
3. Pyelonephritis and complicated UTIs
4. Endocarditis (enterococcus)

Question 8

What makes Tobramycin different from Gentamicin?

Answer 8

slightly increased activity against pseudomonas

Question 9

What diseases/infections is Tobramycin typically used for?

Answer 9

Topical (keratitis -eye)

Inhalation dose for CF

Question 10

What kind of bacteria does Neomycin cover?

Answer 10

Gram negative

Only topical and oral use

Question 11

What do we use neomycin for?

2

Answer 11

Bowel prep

Part of Neosporin

Question 12

What bacteria is Amikacin used for?

Answer 12

Used for resistant strains. Pseudmonas coverage

RESTRICTED BY THE CDC- only for bad bad infections

Question 13

What is Streptomycin used for?

3

Answer 13

2nd line for tuberculosis in combination with other agents
-w/ penicillin/ampicilin for Entercoccus faecalis or Viridans strep endocarditis
IM

Question 14

What is an oral aminoglycoside used for for intestinal amebiasis
and hepatic coma/encephalopathy?

Answer 14

Paromomycin (Humatin)

Question 15

MOA for aminoglycosides?

Answer 15

binds to 30s ribosomal subunit and thus inhibits protein synthesis