Amino Acids

Question 1

Examples of how proteins are used in the body

Answer 1

Collagen fibers
Hemoglobin
Glycoproteins on the membrane
Immunoglobulins

Question 2

Every amino acid has three parts

Answer 2

Carboxyl group
R side group
Amino acid

Question 3

What is a zwitterion?

Answer 3

At physiological ph 7.4, the carboxyl group is dissociated forming a carboxylate ion (coo-) and the amino acid group is pronated .

Question 4

The carboxyl group and amino groups are linked together by

Answer 4

Peptide bonds

Question 5

Amino acids with non polar side chain

Answer 5

Has a non polar side side that does not take place in gaining or losing electrons . No ionic or hydrogen bonds
Side chains are oily and in aqueous conditions the non polar chains are located in the inside.

Question 6

What is the N terminal called?

Answer 6

N terminus, is refers to the start of a protein or polypeptide .

Question 7

The end of amino acid is called

Answer 7

C terminus

Question 8

Why is it important to know primary structure of an amino acid.

Answer 8

So that we would know the difference between genetic disease .

Question 9

Amino acids are linked ……… to peptide bonds.

Answer 9

Covalently

Question 10

How are peptide bonds broken?

Answer 10

By strong acid or base at elevated temperatures

Question 11

What is a residue?

Answer 11

Each component in a polypeptide . It is the portion of the amino acid remaining after atoms are lost

Question 12

Asparagine

Answer 12

Asn and N

Question 13

Histidine

Answer 13

HIS, H

Question 14

Isoleucine

Answer 14

lle, I

Question 15

Tyrosine

Answer 15

Try, Y

Question 16

Tryptophan

Answer 16

Trp, W

Question 17

Name 5 non polar amino acids

Answer 17

Glycine 
Alanine
Tryptophan 
Valine 
Leucine 
Isoleucine lle, I
Phenylalanine , 
methionine 
proline

Question 18

Why does proline differ from other amino acids

Answer 18

Proline side chain and alpha amino acid N forms a rigid five membered. Ring structure.

Question 19

Does proline have a secondary amino group?

Answer 19

Yes, because the five structure amino group

Question 20

Which non charged amino acid aids in formation of collagen?

Answer 20

Proline

Question 21

The amino acids with uncharged polar groups are

Answer 21

Serine, threonine, tyrosine, asparagine, cysteine, glutamine

Question 22

Facts about uncharged polar groups?

Answer 22

Have a net charge of zero at neutral ph.
Cys and tyrosine can lose a proton at alkaline pH.
Contain a polar hydroxyl group that can form hydrogen bonds.

Question 23

What is special about asparagine and glutamine?

Answer 23

Contain a carbonyl group and amide group that can participate in hydrogen bonding.

Question 24

Disulphide bonds are formed in Cys by

Answer 24

A sulfahydryl group

Question 25

The polar hydroxyl groups of which aa can act as a site of attachment for structures such as phosphate,oligosaccharide in glycoproteins

Answer 25

Serine, threonine and rarely tyrosine

Question 26

The amide group in asn can be site site of attachment for

Answer 26

Oligosaccharides

Question 27

Amino acids with acidic side chains

Answer 27

Aspartic and glutamic acid are proton donors
At physiological ph, the side chains of glutamic acid and aspartic acid are fully ionised or dissociated and carry a net negative charge
R groups of glutamic and aspartic acid have a ph of 7.

Question 28

Amino acids with basic properties.

Answer 28

Accept protons

At physiological ph , side chains of lysine and arg are fully ionised