American Revolution Midterm Part 2 Flashcards
Tax on paper products causing the Sons of Liberty to attack Tax Collectors
Stamp Act
riot that caused harassment of British soldiers causing the killing of colonists
Boston Massacre
colonists tax that paid for troops in Boston, upsetting New Yorkers who had the most troops in America
Quartering Act
tax on tea causing the Boston Tea Party and the shut down of Boston Ports
Tea Act
The battle where 6 british regimates that marched torwards Boston causing milita men to attack British on the roads leading to Boston
Battles of Lexington and Concord
British advantages of American revolution
strong navy, well trained army, can raise taxes for war, Heshens, Tories
British disadvantages in Revolution
were in many wars with France, supply lines go across the ocean, they believe in linear warfare that has limited resources and objectives
American advantages
had a clear objective, good leadership with political experience, militias with combat experience (from 7 years war), everyone owns and knows how to use a gun, knew the terrain
American Disadvantages
no taxing authority, militia men only have to serve 3 months of the year, lack of disipline
Problem of no centralization
America cannot easily tax
British have no objective city because Congress can leave and move around
Congress that took over war and nominated Washington as commander in chief
2nd Continental congress
head of Virginia militias that brought the south into the war, who was a leader of men, and was never a dictator
George Washington
Battle where Americans were stuck on Boston peninsula, surrounded by British navy, lost but killed 1,000 British
Battle of Bunker Hill
battle where militias from New York and Vermont won and seized artillery that was sent to Washington’s army
Battle of Fort Tichonderoga
the institution that took over war from Congress but had no taxing authority
Board of War and Ordnance
President of Board of War and Ordnance but caused lots of problems because he was a subordinate officer to Washington
Horatio Gates
British 1776 Campaign
British attempted to take NYC, and pushed Washington through Long Island and across Hudson, but Washington’s army got restless in Winter causing Washington to surprise attack the British on Dec25th, crossing the Delaware, killing 900 and taking Princeton
Importance of Washington crossing the Delaware
Washington learned Americans do not fight in linear warfare
British officer in 1777 campaign that planned to take Albany from Canada and attack New England from Lake Champlain
Burgoyne
British officer in 1777 campaign that wanted linear warfare so instead took Philadelphia hoping to capture Congress, he won battle but Congress escaped
Howe
American officer that cut off Burgoyne’s supply lines but cutting down trees and attacking British from the back
Skyler
Terminal campaign of war where American and Indians captured the city and showed to France that they have a chance, creating an alliance
Battle of Saratoga
British general that replaced Howe
General Clinton
Prussian officer that was sent to Valley Forge to train Washington’s army and spoke no English
Steuben
Battle where British met Washington in New Jersey that ended with America beating British on an open battlefield for the first time, showing Steuben’s success
Battle of Monmouth
American general sent to win back the south with small number of troops, who then recruited citizens for small raids on supplies
Nathanael Greene
Battle led by Morgan in South Carolina that used slope to his advantage putting militia in the 2nd row and putting Calvary in the back, winning 900 to 72 casualties
Battle at Hannah’s Cowpens
Officer in charge of battle at Hannah’s Cowpens
Morgan
British officer at Hannah’s Cowpens and Battle of Yorktown
Cornwallis
Battle that was a fake seige on NY, causing a surprise attack on Cornwallis in Virginia, where Washington captured all the British troops ending the war
Battle of Yorktown
Treaty that gave America independence and gave all land eat of Mississippi to Colonists, also gave fishing rights to New Newfoundland hoping to ruin French and American relations
Treaty of Paris 1783
