Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

3rd year/clinical > ambulatory medicine > Flashcards

ambulatory medicine Flashcards

1
Q

what is the most common cause of secondary hypertension

A

renal artery stenosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are the major complications of HTN

A

cardiac (coronary artery disease, CHF with LVH), stroke and renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a common end result of untreated HTN as LVH occurs

A

CHF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the term for discontinuity in the retinal vein secondary to thickened arterial walls

A

arteriovenous nicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the term for infarction of the nerve fiber layer in the retina

A

cotton wool spots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what antihypertensive medications are safe in pregnancy (general classes)

A

beta blockers and hydrazine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

at what age should all people start getting screened for FLP

A

age 20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the issue in type 1 dyslipidemia

A

elevated chylomicrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the issue with type 2a dyslipidemia

A

elevated LDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the issue with type 2 b dyslipidemia

A

elevated LDL and VLDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the issue in type 3 dyslipidemia

A

elevated IDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the issue in type 4 endogenous hyperlipidemia

A

elevated VLDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the issue with top 5 dyslipidemia

A

elevated VLDL and chylomicrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what cholesterol levels does alcohol effect

A

increases TG and HDL levels but does not effect total cholesterol levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does thiazides effect cholesterol

A

increase LDL, total cholesterol and VLDL levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do beta blockers effect cholesterol

A

increase TGs (VLDL) and lower HDLs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the term for yellow plaques on eyelids

A

xanthelasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the term for hard, yellowish masses four don tendons

A

xanthoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what are the main clinical features of tension headache

A

pain is steady, viselike, and encircles the entire head (tight band0like pain around head); tightness in posterior neck muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the drug of choice for cluster headaches

A

sumatriptan (imitrex)

21
Q

what is the drug of choice for prophylactic treatment of cluster headaches

A

verapamil

22
Q

what is the most effective prophylactic treatment of migraine headaches

A

propranolol

23
Q

what is the use of bronchoscopy in pt with a cough

A

if there is no other diagnosis based on other testing, use this to look for tumor, foreign body or tracheal web

24
Q

common features of viral URI

A

rhinorrhea, myalgia, headache, fever and cough

25
Q

common feature of bacterial URI

A

fever, cough, yellow sputum

26
Q

what is the most common viral cause of the common cold

A

rhinovirus

27
Q

what are the most common sinuses involved in sinusitis

A

maxillary sinus

28
Q

what is the name brand name for loratadine

A

claritin

29
Q

what is the name brand name for fexofenadine

A

allegra

30
Q

what is the antibiotic treatment for strep throat

A

penicillin for 10 days (erythromycin if pt allergic)

31
Q

what is the test of choice to evaluation for dyspepsia

A

endoscopy

32
Q

what is the primary mechanism of GERD

A

inappropriate relaxation of the LES

33
Q

what is the most common cause of acute diarrhea

A

viral infection (rotavirus and norwalk virus)

34
Q

what medication should be given for moderate to severe bacterial diarrhea

A

5 days of cipro

35
Q

what common causes of acute infectious diarrhea have fecal leukocytes

A

salmonella, shigella, campylobacter, E. coli O157:H7

36
Q

what is the preferred treatment for salmonella diarrhea

A

cipro

37
Q

what is the preferred treatment for shigella diarrhea

A

bactrim

38
Q

what is the preferred treatment for campylobacter diarrhea

A

erythromycin

39
Q

what is the preferred treatment for giardiasis diarrhea

A

metronidazole

40
Q

what are some medications that can be given for diarrhea type IBS

A

diphenoxylate, loperamide

41
Q

what are some medications that can be given for constipation type of IBS

A

solace, psyllium, cisapride

42
Q

what imaging would you oder for diagnosis of ulcer diseases or outlet obstruction

A

upper GI endoscopy

43
Q

what diagnostic tests would you order for diagnosis of biliary disease

A

ultrasound

44
Q

what is the most common electrolyte abnormality seen after severe vomiting

A

hypokalemia with metabolic alkalosis

45
Q

what are the most common causes of low back pain

A

musculoligamentous strain, degenerative disc disease, facet arthritis

46
Q

what tests should be ordered besides Xray/MRI to evaluated for Osteomyelitis

A

CBC with differential, ESR, CRP

47
Q

what is the best tests to diagnose nerve compression in cervical spine

A

MRI

48
Q

what is the earliest symptoms of cervical myelopathy

A

gait disturbance

3rd year/clinical (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions