Alveolar Disease Flashcards
Types of alveolar disease
Aspiration pneumonia
Pulmonary oedema
Pulmonary haemorrhage
Eosinophilic lung disease
Pulmonary parasites
Pulmonary neoplasia
Infectious pneumonias
Clinical signs of pulmonary parenchymal disease
Increased inspiratory and expiratory effort
Cough may be present
Cyanosis
Crackles on auscultation
increased or decreased normal breathing sounds
Tachypnoea
What is aspiration pneumonia?
Inhaling vomit/regurgitated material
Common in dental patients which didn’t have a throat swab
Which lung lobe is most affected in aspiration pneumonia
Cranial lung lobes
Diagnostic radiographs
Alveolar pattern
* Washout soft tissue opacity
* Fluffy
* Air bronchograms
Treatment for aspiration pneumonia
Oxygen therapy
Antibiotics
Treat underlying causes
Omeprazole, maropitant, metoclopramide
Which antibiotics are best for respiratory tract disease?
LIPOPHILIC
Broad spectrum
Fluroquinolones are ideal (BUT PROTECTED)
Clavulanic acid is good because it is lipophilic
Doxycycline for mycoplasma
What is Pulmonary Oedema
Fluid in alveoli as consequence as fluid from intersititium
Back up of fluid in circulatory system
Caused by left sided heart failure - backs up into pulmonary vein
Usually cardiogenic
What is the most common distribution of cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
Perihilar and caudodorsal
Eosinophilic lung disease radiography
More common in younger dogs
Shows broncho-interstitial pattern
Can see some alveolar patterns
USe BAL for diagnosis
Treatment for Eosinophilic lung disease
Prednisolone
What is the canine lungworm called?
Angiostrongylus Vasorum = French Heartworm
Indirect lifecycle (Snails IH)
Clinical signs of A Vasorum
Chronic cough
+/-Productive
Exercise intolerance, syncope
Dyspnoea
Tachypnoea
Treatment of lungworm
Addition to anthelmintics
* Bronchodilators
* Corticosteroids
* Phosphdiesterase inhibitors
* Cage rest/oxygen therapy
Prevention of lungworm
Advocate/prinovox = imidacloprid & moxidectin
Milquantel/Milbemax/Milbactor = Milbemycin & praziquantel
Fenbendazole (off license)
