Altitude Physiology Flashcards
What is the efficient zone?
Sea level to 10,000 ft
What is the deficient zone?
10,000 to 50,000 ft
What is the space equivalent zone?
50,000 and above
At what altitude does gas expansion double?
18,000ft
What happens at 63,000ft?
“Blood boils” also called the Armstrong line
What is the composition of the air?
Nitrogen 78%
Oxygen 21%
Other 1%
What is atmospheric pressure?
The measurement of pressure exerted on the earths surface
What is the atmospheric pressure in mm hg at sea level
760 mm hg
What is boyle’s law?
The volume of a given gas varies inversely with its pressure at a constant temp
(Balloon expands going up)
What is Dalton’s law?
The total pressure of a gas mixture is the sum of the individual pressure of all gasses in the mixture.
What is Henry’s law?
The quantity of gas dissolved in a given volume of liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas contact with the liquid.
(Decompression sickness)
Aviation Significance- increase in altitude, pressure will decrease and nitrogen will leave the body and try to equalize with the surrounding environment.
What are the circulatory system components?
Arteries, Veins and capillaries
Red blood cells transport approximately 98.5 of __ in the body
Oxygen
What is the hemoglobin protein?
Makes up 97% of the dry mass of the red blood cells and carries oxygen.
What are the respiratory functions?
Intake of oxygen, removal of Carbon dioxide and maintenance of body.
Where does the gas exchange happen in the lungs?
The alveoli
What is the time of useful consciousness at 18k feet?
20-30 min
What is hyperventilation?
An excessive rate of >20 breaths/min
What is gas dysbarism?
Syndrome resulting from the effects, excluding hypoxia, of a pressure differential between the ambient barometric pressure and the pressure of gasses within the body.
True or false
Wet gas expansion is 3 times more than at sea level
True
What is barodontalgia?
Tooth pain due to change in barometric pressure
What are the two types of decompression sickness?
Type 1
Bends and skin manifestation
Type 2
Chokes and central nervous system disorders
True or false
Evolved gas disorders are considered serious and medical treatment/advice must be sought immediately
True
30 minutes of pre breathing oxygen O2 removes how much Nitrogen?
30 %
