Altered LOC & ICP Flashcards
1
Q
Frontal lobe
A
- speech
- thought
- emotion
- volunteer movement
- complicated cognitive process
- judgement reasoning
- concerns for others
2
Q
Parietal lobe
A
- all sensory info
- shapes
- pain
- temperature
- 2 point discrimination (hot vs cold)
3
Q
Occipital lobe
A
Process vision
4
Q
Cerebellum
A
- control fine movement
- coordination
- balance position state
- awareness of position of body parts w/o looking at them
5
Q
Brain stem
A
- controls reflexes
- influences all basic life function (breathing, HR, BP)
6
Q
Temporal lobe
A
- stores memory
- interprets auditory stimuli
7
Q
Consciousness-dynamic state
A
Being aware of oneself and the environment
8
Q
Altered LOC causes
A
- lesions or injuries
- metabolic disorders (commonly hypoglycemia)
- meds
- direct or indirect pressure (masses, hematoma, cerebral edema)
- any systemic condition (usually impaired blood flow, hypoxemia, f/e imbalance, waste products and toxins d/t impaired hepatic or renal fxn)
9
Q
Altered LOC manifestations
A
Changes in:
- pupillary response
- eye opening response
- verbal response
- motor response
- behavior (usually restlessness, increased anxiety)
10
Q
Management of altered LOC
A
ABCs!!
- obtain/maintain patent airway
- monitor adequate perfusion
- IV access
- nutritional support
- med management
- prevention of complications
11
Q
Normal ICP ranges
A
- infant: 1.5-6 mmHg
- children: 3-7 mmHg
- adults: 5-15 mmHg
12
Q
How the brain compensates for increased ICP
A
- displacing or shifting CSF (increasing absorption, limiting production)
OR - decreasing cerebral blood volume
13
Q
What ICP requires IMMEDIATE intervention?
A
> 20 mmHg
14
Q
Increased ICP: causes
A
- head injuries
- infections
- tumors
- stroke
- seizures
- hydrocephalus
- hypoxemia
- meningitis
15
Q
Increased ICP: manifestations
EARLY
A
- decreased LOC
- lethargy
- confusion
- abnormal behavior
- restlessness
