Alterations In HEmostasis

Question 1

He most asks

Answer 1

Stopping of abnormal blood flow
Normal: Seals broken blood vessels
Abnormal: Inappropriate clotting and Insufficient clotting

Question 2

Thrombopoietin

Answer 2

Stimulate production

Made in the liver, kidney, smooth muscle, bone marrow

Question 3

Megakaryocytes

Answer 3

Formed in bone marrow

Break apart to form may platelets

Question 4

Platelets

Answer 4

Live 8-9 days in circulation
Many are sorted in spleen
Released when needed

Question 5

Coagulation factors

Answer 5

Needed to complete coagulation cascade.

Plasma proteins and Calcium

Question 6

Plasma proteins

Answer 6

Most are synthesized by the liver
Von willebran factor made by endothelium
Rom numeral factors (8,9)
Produce the coagulation cascade

Question 7

Calcium (factor IV)

Answer 7

Essential in all but 2 steps

Hypercalcimia: clotting

Question 8

Vessel spasm

Answer 8

Injury which cause the vessel spasm to control the flow of blood

Question 9

Platelet plug

Answer 9

Stop blood loss and blood flow

Von Willebran factor, Thromboxane and ADP

Question 10

Coagulation

Answer 10

Thrombin causes Fibrinogen to become fibrin. Fibrin then makes the clot

Question 11

Clot Retraction

Answer 11

Healing has taken place the clot then retracts

Question 12

Clot lysis

Answer 12

Plasminogen activators cause plasminogen to become plasminogen.. Plasmin then breaks down the clot and gets rid of it

Question 13

Intrinsic system

Answer 13

Vessel injury

Question 14

Extrinsic System

Answer 14

Tissue injury

Question 15

Hypercoagulability: Increase in platelet function

Answer 15

Atherosclerosis 
DM 
Smoking
Hyperlipidemia
Increased Platelet count
Genetics

Question 16

Hypercoagulability: Increase Clotting activity

Answer 16

Pregnancy
Oral contraceptives 
Immobility
Post op
CHF 
Malignancy

Question 17

Platelet disorders

Answer 17

Thromobocytosis

Thrombocytopenia

Question 18

Thromobocytosis

Answer 18

7500,000 + platelets

Question 19

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 19

100,000 or less platelets

Question 20

ITP

Answer 20

Auto immune destruction of platelets (antibodies) type two hyper sensitivity
Kids recover, adults chronic
Bruising/Bleeding
Steroids/immune suppressants

Question 21

TTP

Answer 21

Widespread platelet thrombi in arterioles caused by enzyme deficiency.
Rare- very severe
Petechiae and purport
Plasmapheresis and FFP infusion fives 80% recovery: takes blood out and cleans it and puts it back in

Question 22

Genetic Bleeding Disorders

Answer 22

Von Willebrand (most common and mild)
Hemophilia A
DDAVP
Hemophilia B