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CMS II > Alsace, Jura and Savoie > Flashcards

Alsace, Jura and Savoie Flashcards

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Introductory Sommelier Exam (CMS) flashcards
1
Q

What countries have affected Alsace’s culture throughout history?

A
  • Germany
  • France

It has changed hands many times throughout the years.

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2
Q

What was the last major region in France to become an AOC?

A

Alsace

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3
Q

What are the two departments of Alsace?

A
  • Haut-Rhin

- Bas-Rhin

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4
Q

Which Alsatian department has the most grand cru vineyards?

A
  • Haut-Rhin: over 2/3 of the grand cru vineyards are located here.
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5
Q

What separates Alsace from the rest of France?

A

The Voges Mountains, providing a rain shadow effect.

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6
Q

What is the capital of the Haut-Rhin department?

A
  • Colmar: the driest city in France.
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7
Q

Where are the vineyards located in Alsace?

A
  • in a thin strand along the lower slopes and foothills of the Vosges
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8
Q

Which direction do the best vineyards of Alsace face?

A
  • Southern, southeastern, or warm eastern exposures to maximize sunlight.
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9
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

Semi continental

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10
Q

What are the 3 larger AOC’s of Alsace?

A
  • Alsace AOC (aka Vin d’Alsace)
  • Alsace Grand Cru AOC
  • Cremant d’Alsace AOC
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11
Q

What is grés de Vosges?

A

A local pink sandstone

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12
Q

What are the major soil types in Alsace?

A
  • Mosaic
  • Schist
  • limestone
  • Clay
  • granite
  • Chalk
  • Loess
  • gres de Votes (occupy some of the best vineyards)
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13
Q

What is majority style of wine produced in Alsace?

A

Over 90% of wine is still white (making up 20% of France’s total wine production)

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14
Q

What are the Noble grapes of Alsace (4)?

A
  • Pinot Gris
  • Riesling
  • Muscat
  • Gewurtztraminer
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15
Q

What other white grapes are permitted in Alsace AOP?

A
  • Auxerrois (similar to pinot blanc)
  • Chassellas
  • Sylvaner
  • Pinot Blanc (Klevner)
  • Chardonnay (ONLY ALLOWED IN CREMANT)
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16
Q

What is the only red grape allowed n Alsace?

A

Pinot Noir

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17
Q

How are the wines labeled in Alsace?

A
  • 100% Varietal*

* the only exception is Auxerrois may be blended with pinot blanc.

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18
Q

When a label states “Pinot” in Alsace, what does that mean?

A

White wines simply labeled “Pinot,” on the other hand, may contain any proportion of related varieties—Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, and Auxerrois.

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19
Q

What is the most planted grape in Alsace?

A

Reisling

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20
Q

What is the flavor profile of Alsatian Riesling?

A

DRY, more powerful and higher alcohol than German Riesling.

*As of 2008, all Alsatian Riesling has to be dry.

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21
Q

What are the regional names for Pinot Gris?

A
  • Tokay d’Alsace

- Tokay Pinot Gris

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22
Q

What is the flavor profile for Alsatian Pinot Gris?

A
  • Quintessential wine of alsace
  • Richest and fullest expression here in Alsace
  • Marked Acidity and Smoky Qualities.
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23
Q

What is the flavor profile of Gewurtztraminer?

A
  • Pink Berried clone of Traminer (called Sauvignin in Jura)
  • Reaches maximum potential here in Alsace
  • Highly aromatic
  • Sweet spice, rose water
  • Tropical and perfumed
24
Q

What is the flavor profile of Muscat?

A
  • Much like Gewurtz
  • Highly aromatic
  • Fragrant and floral
  • Grappy notes, lower acidity
25
Q

What does “Edelzwicker” mean?

A
  • Noble mixture
  • Inexpensive blend
  • Don’t need to be vintage dated
  • Don’t have to be more than one grape, but won’t list % of grapes on label.
26
Q

What does “gentil” mean?

A
  • An unofficial designation for a superior Edelzwicker
  • requires min. 50% of noble grapes
  • base wines vinified separately
  • If 100% varietal, label will say so.
27
Q

How many Grand Cru are in Alsace?

A

51

28
Q

When were the vineyards of Alsace classified?

A
  • 1st: 1975 - Schlossberg = only GC
  • 2nd: 1983 = added 24
  • 3rd 1992 = added 25
  • 4th: 2007 - Kaefferkopf = last GC
29
Q

What were the first and last GC vineyards to be classified in Alsace?

A
  • 1st: Schlossberg

- Last: Kaefferkopf

30
Q

What is the typical blend of an Alsatian Grand Cru wine?

A

SINGLE VARIETAL

31
Q

What is the only exception to the cuvee laws of Alsace Grand Cru?

A
  • Zotzenberg = a historical site for Sylvaner.
32
Q

What is mandatory to qualify for Grand Cru in Alsace?

A
  • Hand-harvesting is mandatory for all grand cru wines.
  • Minimum sugar levels at harvest are higher than those for Alsace AOP
  • yields are more restricted.
33
Q

What are the min. Alcohol % for GC wines in Alsace?

A
  • Riesling: 11%
  • Muscat: 12.5%
  • Pinot Gris: 12.5%
  • Gewurtztraminer: 12.5%
34
Q

What is the smallest grand cru in Alsace?

A

Kanzlerberg = 3ha

35
Q

What is the largest Grand Cru in Alsace?

A

Schlossberg = 80 ha

36
Q

What is VT?

A
  • Vendage Tardive: literally “late harvest”
  • Botrytis is not sought after of encouraged, but may show some characteristics of it.
  • Focus is on pure expression of 4 noble grapes
  • Usually quite dry in style
  • Usually harvested under passerillage
37
Q

What is “passerilage”?

A

French word for the process by which grapes are dried, shrivelled, or raisined on the vine, concentrating the sugar in grapes—an alternative to wines whose sugars have been concentrated by botrytis.

38
Q

Explain SGN

A
  • Botrytis Qualities encouraged over purity of varietal characteristics
  • Harvested in “tries” choosing only the most botrytized grapes each time
  • Range in style : sweet or dry.
39
Q

What grapes are allowed in Cremant d’Alsace?

A
  • Pinot Noir
  • Chardonnay
  • Riesling
  • Pinot Gris
  • Auxerrois
40
Q

Does Alsace produce Rose?

A

Yes - only via Saignee method

41
Q

What are the other types of Muscat allowed in Alsace?

A
  • Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains
  • Muscat Rose a Petit Grains
  • Muscat Ottonel
42
Q

What Grand Cru produces Sylvaner wines?

A

Zotzenberg

43
Q

Who produces Clos-st-Hune?

A

Trimbach

  • Riesling
  • no mention of the larger Rosacker Grand Cru in label, due to feelings that the specificity of the site far outweighs the politics of grand cru.
44
Q

What are the departments of the neighboring region Lorraine?

A
  • Cotes de Toul:

- Moselle

45
Q

What country does Jura Border?

A

Shares eastern border with Switzerland.

46
Q

What region in France is Jura adjacent to?

A

Burgundy: Côte d’Or. separated by the forested mountains of Jura

47
Q

Where are Jura’s vineyards found and what are the major soil types?

A

On the mountains’ lower slopes, and they rest upon Jurassic limestone and marl, with a substantial amount of clay at the lowest sites.

48
Q

What is the basic classification in Jura?

A
  • Cotes de Jura: R, W and rose.
49
Q

What are the grapes of Jura?

A

R:

  • Poulssard (Ploussard)
  • Trouseau
  • Pinot Noir

W:

  • Chardonnay (Gamay Blanc)
  • Savignin (aka Traminer/ relative of gewurtzraminer)
50
Q

What is Vin de Paille (Jura)?

A
  • “straw wines,”
  • ripe but not botrytised grapes are left to dry for a minimum of six weeks after harvest.
  • grapes are dried on straw mats, although they are often hung to dry or boxed in modern winemaking. As the grapes shrivel and raisinate, they achieve a must weight surpassing 320 grams per liter.
  • aged for a minimum three years before release, including an obligatory 18 months in neutral wood barrels
51
Q

What is Vin Jaune (Jura)?

A
  • “yellow wine,”
  • 100% Savagnin grapes
  • deliberately oxidized and may age for decades.
  • After fermentation, in barrel until December 15 of the sixth year following the harvest. The wine is not topped off during this period, and a voile, or “veil,” develops.
  • The voile is a film-forming yeast that covers the wine’s surface, similar to the flor of Jerez. The resulting wine is aldehydic, with nutty, almost curried flavor carried on a delicate, dry palate. Unlike Sherry, vin jaune is not fortified.
52
Q

Above Cotes du Jura, what are the three appellations of Jura?

A
  • Arbois (leader of the region, home of Louis Pasteur)
  • l’Etoile
  • Chateau Chalon
53
Q

What is the climate of Savoie and what are the moderators?

A

Continental

  • Lake Bourget (part of lake Geneva).
  • Rhône River
54
Q

What are the major grapes in Savoie?

A

R:

  • Mondeusse
  • Pinot Noir
  • Gamay

W:

  • Jacquere (most common)
  • Altesse
  • Roussanne
  • Chardonnay
55
Q

What are the AOPs of Savoie?

A
  • Vin de Savoie
  • Roussette de Savoie: 100% altesse
  • Seyssel: off dry and mousseaux, 100% altesse
  • Bugey
  • Roussette de Bugey: 100% altesse
  • Cremant de Savoie: Jacquere, smaller portions of chi word and altesse

CMS II (15 decks)

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