Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors Flashcards
Give an example of an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor
Acarbose
What is the mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
Delay the digestion and absorption of starch and sucrose, which lowers the blood glucose level
What is the route of delivery of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
PO
What are the indications for alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, usually prescribed when other anti-glycaemic agents have failed, were contraindicated, or not tolerated
What are the contraindications to alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Hernia
- Previous abdominal surgery
- Hepatic impairment
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding
What monitoring is required with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
Monitor liver function by checking LFTs
What might interact with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
- Digoxin
- Alcohol
- Orlistat
What is orlistat?
A drug that is a lipase inhibitor and is used as an adjunct in obesity
What might happen if alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are given with digoxin?
Plasma concentration of digoxin increased
What might happen if alpha-glucosidase inhibitors is given with alcohol?
Increase risk of hypoglycaemia
What are the common side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
- Abdominal pain
- Flatulence
- Diarrhoea and soft stools
- Abdominal distention
What are the less common side effects of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
- Abdominal LFTs
- Jaundice
- Hepatitis
- Skin reactions
- Oedema
What patient counselling is required with alpha-glucosidase inhibitors?
- Carry glucose with you at all times
- Take with food
- Driving advice
Why should patients on alpha-glucosidase inhibitors carry glucose at all times?
Due to the risk of hypoglycaemia, especially if also taking insulin or sulphonylureas
How should alpha-glucosidase inhibitors be taken?
Tablets should be swallowed whole immediately before a meal or taken with first mouthful
