Alloys

Question 1

What is an alloy?

Answer 1

A mixture of 2 metals

Question 2

‘Iron’ straight from the [ ] is only 96% Iron. The other 4% is [ ] like carbon

Answer 2

blast furnace

impurities

Question 3

What is impure Iron used for? (Iron from a blast furnace)

Answer 3

Used as cast Iron. Used for ornamental railings. It is brittle - so not that useful

Question 4

How do you get pure iron from blast furnace iron? Describe pure iron

Answer 4

All the impurities are removed.
This pure iron has a regular arrangement of identical atoms. The layers of atoms can slide over each other, which makes the iron soft and easily shaped. The iron is too bendy for most uses

Question 5

Most pure iron is changed into alloys called [ x ]. [ x ] are formed by adding small amounts of [ ] and sometimes other metals to iron

Answer 5

steels, Steels

carbon

Question 6

Name a property, the percentage of other metals and use of Low carbon steel

Answer 6

easily shaped
0.1% carbon
car bodies

Question 7

Name a property, the percentage of other metals and use of High carbon steel

Answer 7

Very hard, inflexible
1.5% carbon
Blades for cutting tools, bridges

Question 8

Name a property, the percentage of other metals and use of stainless steel

Answer 8

Corrosion-resistant
Chromium added and sometimes nickel
cutlery, containers for corrosive substances

Question 9

Alloys are [ ] than pure metals

Answer 9

Harder

Question 10

Different elements have different sized [ ]. So when an element such as [ ] is added to pure iron, the smaller carbon atom will upset the [ ] of pure iron atoms making it more difficult for them to [ ] therefore it’s [ ]

Answer 10

atoms
carbon
layers
slide over each other
harder

Question 11

What is the alloy bronze made out of?

Name a property and use

Answer 11

Copper and tin
Bronze is harder than copper
Good for making medals and statues

Question 12

What is the alloy cupronickel made out of?

Name a property and use

Answer 12

Copper and nickel
Hard and corrosion resistant
Used to make ‘silver’ coins

Question 13

What is the gold alloys made out of?

Name a property and use

Answer 13

Used to make jewellery

Pure gold is too soft. Metals such as zinc, copper, silver, palladium and nickel are used to ‘harden’ the gold

Question 14

What is the aluminium alloys made out of?

Name a property and use

Answer 14

Aluminium has a low density, but it’s alloyed with small amounts of other metals to make it stronger - used for aircraft