Allergy - Food Flashcards
A food allergy is n abnormal immunologic reaction to a food that results in the development of symptoms on exposure to a specific food. Is a food allergy and intolerance the same thing?
- no
Food intolerance involves a difficulty in digesting certain foods or ingredients which causes symptoms such as bloating, diarrhoea, headache
At what age are food allergies most commonly diagnosed?
1 - <1 year
2 - <2 years
3 - <5 years
4 - <10 years
2 - <2 years
What is the incidence of food allergies in the developed world?
1 - 3-6%
2 - 10-20%
3 - 25-50%
4 - >75%
1 - 3-6%
Accounts for 2 children to die each year in the UK
Are all foods allergies IgE related?
- No
Can be:
- IgE related
- non-IgE related
- mix of IgE and non IgE related
Food allergies can be can be
- IgE related
- non-IgE related
- mix of IgE and non IgE related
Of these which is the most difficult to diagnose?
- non-IgE related
Food allergies can be can be
- IgE related
- non-IgE related
- mix of IgE and non IgE related
Of these which has the most rapid onset and is associated with anaphylaxis?
- IgE related
Symptoms occur seconds to minutes
In non-IgE related, symptoms may not occur for hours
In IgE related food allergies, which 2 of the following cells are typically involved?
1 - B cells
2 - mast cells
3 - basophils
4 - cytotoxic T cells
2 - mast cells
3 - basophils
In non-IgE related food allergies, which 2 of the following cells are typically involved?
1 - B cells
2 - eosinophils
3 - basophils
4 - T cells
2 - eosinophils
4 - T cells
In children with food allergies, which of the following are they most likley to also develop?
1 - urticaria
2 - atopic dermatitis
3 - acne vulgaris
4 - rosacea
2 - atopic dermatitis
Essentially all are linked with atopy
In IgE related food allergies all of the following occur in the skin, but which is most common?
1 - urticaria
2 - angioedema
3 - uncomfortable skin
4 - all equally common
2 - angioedema
Essentially this is swelling of specific body parts
In IgE related food allergies, all of the following occur in the respirator ytract, EXCEPT which one?
1 - irritation
2 - pneumonia
3 - swelling
4 - inspiratory wheeze
2 - pneumonia
In IgE related food allergies, all of the following occur in the gastrointestinal tract, EXCEPT which one?
1 - bloody diarrhoea
2 - abdominal pain
3 - abdominal cramping
4 - nausea/vomiting
1 - bloody diarrhoea
In IgE related food allergies, anaphylaxis can occur, including all of the following, EXCEPT which one?
1 - vascular collapse
2 - hypertension
3 - cardiac dysrhythmias
4 - death
2 - hypertension
- hypotension occurs
In non-IgE related food allergies, which of the following DO NOT typically occur?
1 - diarrhoea
2 - vomiting an nausea
3 - abdominal pain
4 - jaundice
5 - faltering growth
6 - blood in stools
4 - jaundice
What is the most important clinical management of food allergies?
1 - epi-pens
2 - antihistamines
3 - IgE specific antibody test
4 - avoid food triggers/education
4 - avoid food triggers/education
Radioallergosorbent test (RAST) is a test on blood for specific antigens
In food allergiesm which of the following children would get an Epi-pen?
1 - all children
2 - children whos parents ask for it
3 - children who have had a serious anaphylaxis reaction previously
4 - all of the above
3 - children who have had a serious anaphylaxis reaction previously
Cows milk allergy is a reproducible immune-mediated allergic response to one or more proteins in cow’s milk. At what age is this typically diagnosed?
1 - <1 month
2 - <12 months
3 - <5 years
4 - <10 years
2 - <12 months
Cows milk allergy is a reproducible immune-mediated allergic response to one or more proteins in cow’s milk. Is this IgE mediated, Non IgE or mixed?
- Can be all 3
- IgE = rash
- non-IgE = chronic symptoms
Cows milk allergy is a reproducible immune-mediated allergic response to one or more proteins in cow’s milk. In a young baby, which of the following symptoms may tey present with if they have a cows milk allergy?
1 - rash/eczema
2 - unsettled with feeds
3 - constipation
4 - blood in stool
5 - vomiting
6 - diarrhoea
7 - all of the above
7 - all of the above
Cows milk allergy is a reproducible immune-mediated allergic response to one or more proteins in cow’s milk. What is the management of this?
1 - stop cows milk formula
2 - all must switch to breast feeds
3 - slowly increase amount of cows milk in feeds
4 - move to pureed solids
1 - stop cows milk formula
Diagnosis of exclusion, then work with the dieticians to identify suitable foods
All of the following could be differentials for cows milk allergy, but which is most likely?
1 - GORD
2 - pyloric stenosis
3 - ileum atresia
4 - duodenal atresia
1 - GORD
Can be hard to distinguish between the 2
