Allergy

Question 1

Skin Sensitisation Theory of Allergy

Answer 1

1. Break in infants skin- eczema/skin infection that allows allergens in
2. GI tract does not have exposure to allergen

Question 2

What is type 1 Coombs and Gells classification?

Answer 2

IgE antibodies to allergen trigger mast cella and basophils to release histamine and cytokines.
Itching facial swelling and urticaria to anaphylaxis

Question 3

What is type 2?

Answer 3

IgG and igM antibodies react and activate complement system leading to damage to local cells. Examples include haemolytic disease of the newborn and transfusion reactions

Question 4

Type 3?

Answer 4

Immune complexes accumulate and damage local tissues. Auto immune conditions ie. SLE RA and henoch schonlein purpura

Question 5

Type 4?

Answer 5

Cell mediated hypersensitivity reaction by T cells. This cause inflammation i.e Organ transplant rejection and contact dermatitis

Question 6

What is the gold standard test for allergy?

Answer 6

Food challenge

Question 7

When is patch test helpful?

Answer 7

Allergic contact dermatitis i.e latex, perfumes plant and cosmetics

Question 8

Management of allergy?

Answer 8

AVOIDANCE. Prophylactic anhistamines, Adrenalin auto injector in anaphylaxis

Question 9

Following exposure treatment is with?

Answer 9

Antihistamines (cetirizine), oral prednisolone, topical hydrocortisone and IV hydrocortisone, intramuscular Adrenalin