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I.M DERMA > Allergic Skin Diseases > Flashcards

Allergic Skin Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Lesions of different eczema stages

A
  • Acute stage :
    ill-defined erythematous patches, papulovesicular
    eruption with exudation of serum
  • Subacute stage : erythema and scaling
  • Chronic stage : dryness and lichenification
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2
Q

List types of Endogenous eczema

A

• Atopic dermatitis
• Discoid eczema
• Pityriasis alba
• Stasis dermatitis
• Seborrhoeic dermatitis
• Dyshydrotic eczema (pompholyx)

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3
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis is type ….. hypersensitivity

A

Type 4 hypersensitivity (sensitization dermatitis)

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4
Q

Allergens in allergic contact dermatitis is

A

Incomplete antigens ( haptens )

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5
Q

Atopic Dermatitis often associated with

A

A personal or family history of allergy
Itching is the constant symptom, xerotic or dry skin with loss of barrier functions

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6
Q

In Infantile phase of AD lesions most frequently start on

A

Face
erythematous discrete or confluent edematous papules, intensely itchy, may become exudative and crusted

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7
Q

Sites mostly involved in Childhood phase
of AD

A

elbows and knee flexures, sides of the neck, wrists
and ankles and the hands.
erythematous, edematous papules which tend to be replaced by lichenification

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8
Q

sites mostly involved in neurodermatitis

A

Adulthood phase of AD
outer arms, upper back, and shin of the tibia.
lichenified plaques.

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9
Q

The only type of eczema with a
demarcated edge

A

Discoid Eczema
in adults on the extensor aspects of limbs

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10
Q

Lesions of Varicose Eczema (Stasis Dermatitis)

A

an erythematous scaly oozing area, surrounded by small slate blue macules resulting from hemosiderin deposits.
Ulceration around one of malleoli

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11
Q

Cause of Seborrhoeic dermatitis

A

(scaly erythematous dermatitis)
seborrhea, abnormal sebum composition and the lipophilic yeast Malassezia.

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12
Q

Lesion of Infantile SD

A

Greasy yellowish scales on erythematous area usually on the scalp (cradle cap), diaper area and intertriginous fold

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13
Q

Leison of Adult SD

A

scaly erythematous patches involving hairy areas
and body flexures as nasolabial folds

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14
Q

Lesion of Infective Eczematoid Dermatitis

A

area of erythematous patches with exudation and crustation around
a discharging focus

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15
Q

Cause of Dyshydrotic Eczema (Pompholyx)

A

In heavily perspiring individuals
as an allergic reaction to a distant focus of infection as tinea pedis.

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16
Q

Site of Pompholyx

A

acute or subacute vesicular eruption starting usually on the
sides of the fingers and toes and extending to soles

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17
Q

Lesion in Pityriasis Alba

A

rounded, oval patch or
erythematous plaques with fine
lamellar or branny whitish scaling in children leaving scaling and hypopigmentation

18
Q

DD of Pityriasis Alba

A

Pityriasis versicolor
In alba lesion is ill-defined, skin is dry, more in children

19
Q

TTT of Eczema

A
  1. Topical
    - Acute eczema :
    Compresses as potassium permanganate solution 1/8000 , 1/10.000 of lead subacetate solution 0.5% for oozing cases + topical corticosteroid cream
    - subacute eczema: Corticosteroid creams.
    - chronic eczema: Topical corticosteroid ointments
    long-term use of emollients in atopic dermatitis
  2. Systemic :
    Antibiotics, Corticosteroids, Antihistamines
20
Q

1ry leison of urticaria

A

Wheels

21
Q

Layers involved in urticaria

A

Wheals in upper dermis
Angioedema in lower dermis and SC tissue

22
Q

Immunologic (Allergic cause) of urticaria

A

classic type І hypersensitivity reaction

23
Q

Mention different types of wheals

A
  1. Acute : idiopathic or following URTI
  2. Chronic : autoimmune process
  3. Physical : solar, cholinergic….
  4. Urticarial vasculitis : type III hypersensitivity reaction,more than 24h, causes: drugs, HCV and autoimmune
    connective tissue disease
24
Q

Management & TTT of urticaria

A
  • 1st line : Non sedating antihistamines (second generation), daily for 2-3 weeks
  • Ant-IgE (Omalizumab) or cyclosporin for chronic urticaria, SC monthly
  • Systemic steroids : in severe acute urticaria for a short time
  • Adrenaline 1/1000 1cc subcutaneously :
    the first line treatment of anaphylaxis, angioedema and impending airway obstruction
    (contraindicated in hypertension and heart disease).
25
Q

PAPULAR URTICARIA is a type……hypersensitivity

A

type IV hypersensitivity to insect bites.
chronic and recurrent eruption of irritable edematous papules affecting infants and children.

26
Q

Lesion of PAPULAR URTICARIA

A

Initially an extremely itchy edematous papule followed by a firm pruritic papule 5hat persistent for several days

27
Q

Prurigo of Hebra is a

A

• Severe type of papular urticaria
insect bite reaction in atopic patientsdue to environmentalfactors (poor nutritional and hygienic condition)

28
Q

TTT of Papular Urticaria

A

• Avoid insect bites and use insect repellant.
• Topical corticosteroids.
• Antihistamines.
• Short-term oral steroids for extensive and spreading lesions.
• Antibiotics in secondary infection.
• Soothing lotion as calamine lotion or other topical antipruritic
preparations.
• Change of environment in severe cases (Prurigo of Hebra)

29
Q

Hallmark of the eruption in ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME

A

target or iris lesion ( circular erythematous leison with a vesicle or papule in center that is darker in color

30
Q

Most common cause of ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME

A

hypersensitivity reaction to Infection by herpes simplex

31
Q

Lesion of ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME

A

sudden onset of bilateral symmetrical multiform lesions including erythematous macules, papules, vesicles and sometimes bullae.

32
Q

Treatment of the ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME

A

• Symptomatic treatment is sufficient for the usual attack.
• oral antihistamines reduce stinging & burning
• Short-term oral steroids in moderate to severe cases.
• In case of recurrent EM secondary to HSV: oral acyclovir at 10 mg/kg/d for 6-12 weeks may be considered as a
prophylactic treatment.

33
Q

Lesion of Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Flu like symptoms followed by painful red or purplish rash blisters with shedding of top layers

34
Q

Eye affection in SJS

A

A severe catarrhal or purulent conjunctivitis.
If 30% affected of body surface: Toxic epidermal necrosis

35
Q

Complications of Stevens Johnson Syndrome

A

Secondary skin infection(cellulitis)
• Sepsis.
• Eye problems extensive tissue damage and scarring up to blindness
• Damage to internal organs as pneumonitis, myocarditis, nephritis
and hepatitis.
• Death may occur in 5-15% of untreated cases.

36
Q

Treatment of SJS

A

Admission to an intensive care unit
Treatment of the cause and discontinuation of the offending drugs.
Systemic steroidsIntravenous
Immunoglobulins (IVIG)

37
Q

Etiology of ERYTHEMA NODOSUM

A

A type of hypersensitivity reaction to
Streptococcal infection
Tuberculosis.
Sarcoidosis
Chlamydia.
Viruses as HBV
Deep fungal infection.
Sulphonamides and oral contraceptives.
Ulcerative colitis.
Malignancies
Leprosy : erythema nodosum leprosum representing acute panniculitis of leprosy.
Idiopathic

38
Q

Leison of ERYTHEMA NODOSUM

A

multiple bilateral, tender, warm, erythematous nodules (may be ecchymotic) mainly on the anterior aspects of the lower limbs.

39
Q

Treatment Of ERYTHEMA NODOSUM

A

• Rest in bed
• Analgesics
• Antibiotics
• Acetyl salicylic acid
• Systemic steroids in some cases
• Treatment of the actual cause.

40
Q

Leison in Fixed Drug Eruption

A

eruption is sharply marginated rounded or oval erythematous patches which becomes dusky violaceous in color.
Comments sites : Penis, lips, dorsum of hands
Healing leaves permanent slate blue discoloration.

41
Q

Drugs causing FDE

A

sulfonamides and analgesics.

42
Q

The comments site of Infantile eczema

A

Face

I.M DERMA (8 decks)

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