Allergic Skin Disease Treatment Flashcards
What can be used to treat FAD or food hypersensitivity?
Glucocorticoids
Oclacitinib
(ciclosporin)
What class of drug is poor for treating FAD or food hypersensitivity?
Antihistamines
How do doses of glucocorticoids differ in cats and dogs?
Cat = 2x dog
How can systemic glucocorticoids be administered?
IM
SC
Oral
What are the advantages of glucocorticoids?
Effective
Cheap
Readily available
Frequently used
What is the target dosage of glucocorticoids?
Lowest possible dose given every >2 days
Give 3 examples of topical glucocorticoids…
Fuciderm gel
Cortavance - hydrocortisone aceponate spray
Ear drops
When are topical glucocorticoids used?
Localised lesions e.g. ears, hotspots
What is a possible adverse effect of topical glucocorticoids?
Irreversible skin atrophy
What is the mechanism of action of oclacitinib?
JAK-1 receptor inhibitor => reduced production of IL 2.4.6.13.31 => reduced allergy, inflammation and pruritus
What are the possible side effects of oclaitinib?
Diarrhoea Vomiting Anorexia Sub/cutaneous lumps Lethargy
How can infection of the skin and ears be prevented from reccuring?
Skin barrier care - moisturiser, diet
Topical antiseptic/microbial
Control of inflammation
How can acute flare of AD be treated?
Identify and remove allergens
Identify and treat secondary microbial infections
Bathe in water/non-irritant shampoo
Glucocorticoids/oclacitinib treatments
What are issues with antihistamines?
Efficacy unproven
Different types may need trying
Unlicensed use
More effective in seasonal disease
How is chronic AD treated?
Identify and avoid allergens Moisturisers eFA supplementation Glucocorticoids with pred Ciclosporin
What is the mechanism of ciclosporin?
Calcineurin inhibitor => targeted T-cell depression
How long does the benefit of ciclosporin treatment take? What does this mean about its used?
4-8wks
Only suitable for chronic itch
What are the disadvantages of ciclosporin?
Possible adverse effects
Expensive
How can flares of AD be prevented?
Topical hydrocortisone aceponate spray
ASIT
Why is treatment of AS in cats more difficult?
Avoidance more difficult
Prevention of self-trauma more difficult
Topical therapy can be problematic
Fewer drugs have been tried
