All Criminological studies Flashcards
Yang et al (2009)
People with psychopathy had lower amygdala volume.
Williams et al (2010)
80% of 196 prisoners had some form of TBI.
Jacobs et al (1965)
XYY men were more aggressive and there is an overrepresentation of them in prison.
Alice Theilgaard (1984)
Men with XYY were less intelligent but there was no evidence of a criminal gene.
Eysenck
Arousal theory and PEN personality.
Boduszek et al (2013)
Repeat offenders had high levels of PEN
Farrington et al (1982)
Eysenck’s personality questionnaire could not be used to predict criminal behaviour.
Johnson et al (2000)
The more TV watched over the 17 year duration of the study, the more agressive the children grew up to be.
Besemer et al (2013)
Children with convicted parents have a higher chance of being convicted (labelling)
Rosenthal and Jackson (1968)
Teacher that were told children would do well gave those children more attention and consequently the children developed higher IQs.
Baldwin (1993)
Police interviews often used coercion and opressive procedures.
Geiselman et al (1985)
Cognitive interviews resulted in increased correct recall.
Kohnken et al (1999)
While cog. ints produced more correct info, it also produces more incorrect info.
Loftus and Palmer (1974)
EWT is unreliable
The Yerkes-Dodson Law (1908)
Arousal improves performance but only up to a point. different to cat theo as the drop off is gradual.
Catastrophe theory (1994)
Too much anxiety results in a dramatic drop off in memory performance.
Pickel (1998)
Weapon focus occurs because the presence of a weapon is unusual.
Fawcett et al (2013)
Meta analysis which showed the presence of a weapon consistently had a negative effect on EWT.
Yuille and Cutshall (1986)
Field study investigating the effct of leading questions and found that weapon focus is less pronounced irl.
Valentine and Mesout (2009)
Supports catastrophe theory (london dungeons)
Steblay et al (1999)
Jurors exposed to negative pre trial publicity were mmore likely to give a guilty verdict.
Sigall and Ostrove (1975)
More attractive defendants recieved shorter sentences for burglary but longer for fraud.
Dion et al
Halo effect - physically attractive people are assumed to have other attractive properties
Pfieffer and Ogloff (1991)
White uni students were more likely to say a black defendant was guilty than a white defendant for the same crime.
Mahoney and Dixon (1997)
People perceived those that had a birmingham accent as more guilty.
Ireland (2000)
Anger management reduced disruptive behaviour.
Blackburn (1993)
Anger management can help criminals in the long term but not the short term.
Maletzky (2006)
Hormone therapy with MPA reduces recividism.
