All Biological studies

Question 1

Phineas Gage (1948)

Answer 1

railway pole destroyed most of his left frontal lobe, completely altering his personality.

Question 2

van den oever (2008)

Answer 2

AMPA receptors in medial prefrontal cortex

Question 3

Li et al (2013)

Answer 3

human heroin users have significantly different connectivity between the posterior cingulate cortex and adjacent areas.heroin use = more damage

Question 4

Mazur (1983)

Answer 4

strong positive correlation between increased testosterone in teenage years and increased inter-male fighting.

Question 5

Coccaro et al (2006)

Answer 5

using fmri People with IED had increased amygdala activity and decreased prefrontal cortex/orbitofrontal activity.

Question 6

Grafman et al (1996)

Answer 6

Vietnam war veterans with damage to the PFC were more aggressive.

Question 7

Raine et al (1997)

Answer 7

PET scans showed violent murderers had dysfunction in the amygdala and PFC

Question 8

Ferrari et al (2003)

Answer 8

Rats serotonin levels decreased in anticipation of a fight.

Question 9

Maccoby and Jacklin (1974)

Answer 9

Boys were consistently more aggressive than girls.

Question 10

Dabbs et al (1995)

Answer 10

Testosterone levels were high in both male and female prisoners who had been convicted of violent crimes.

Question 11

Olweus (1980)

Answer 11

Boys who had high testosterone levels were more impatient and irritable.

Question 12

Wagner et al (1979)

Answer 12

Mice who were castrated were less aggressive and became aggressive again when injected with testosterone.

Question 13

Alan Turing

Answer 13

Chemical castration using medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)

Question 14

Buss et al (1997)

Answer 14

Aggression was developed though evolution to pass on genes, get food, and survive.

Question 15

Wilson and Daly (1985)

Answer 15

Males tend to take part in risky behaviour to attract females.

Question 16

Gottesman and Shields (1966)

Answer 16

For severe schizophernia the concordance rate was 75% for MZ but only 24% for DZ.

Question 17

Ludeke et al (2013)

Answer 17

An adoption study which showed that genes had an influence on traditionalist views.

Question 18

Freud

Answer 18

Aggression is a product of psychodynamic forces and drives.

Question 19

Megargee and Mendelsohn

Answer 19

People who do not let out their aggression in small amounts (catharsis) end up with no control over their anger and commit aggressive crimes.

Question 20

Bushman (2000)

Answer 20

Those who engaged in catharsis were more aggressive (disproves freud)