Alkenes Flashcards

1
Q

Why are Alkenes unsaturated hydrocarbons?

A

Contain at least one C=C double bond

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2
Q

C=C bond in Alkene

A

Region of high electron density, leading to an attack by electrophiles
e.g. H+

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3
Q

Electrophile

A

Electron pair acceptor
e.g. NO2+
H+
H-Br
H2SO4

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4
Q

What mechanism do Alkenes go under?

A

Electrophilic addition

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5
Q

Electrophilic Addition reaction with HBr

A

Conditions: Room temperature
Observations: None

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6
Q

Electrophilic Addition reaction with Br2

A

Conditions: Room temperature
Observation: Decolourisation of bromine (orange/brown to colourless)

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7
Q

Electrophilic Addition reaction with H2SO4

A

Conditions: Room temperature
Observations: Gets hot (exothermic reaction)

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8
Q

Electrophilic Addition reaction with Steam (hydration)

A

Conditions: Acid catalyst (cocnentrated H3PO4, H2SO4)
60atm
300°

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9
Q

Monomer

A

Small reactive molecules join to form polymers

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10
Q

Polymers

A

Large molecule made from a combination of monomers

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11
Q

Addition Polymerisation

A

Unsaturated monomers join to form long saturated cahins

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12
Q

Properties of polymers depend on:

A
  1. The monomer from which they are made from
  2. The conditions from under which it is made
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13
Q

PVC (polyvinylchloride) uses:

A

Vinyls
Drainpipes

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14
Q

How are the properties of PVC modified using a plasticiser?

A

Small molecules get between the polymer chain, forcing them apart allowing them to slide over eachother

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15
Q

Why are addition polymers unreactive?

A

Since they are saturated with non polar C-C and C-H bonds

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