Alfred neurology shorts Flashcards
How to confirm abnormal eye in diplopia?
Cover test - image generated by the abnormal eye is further away
Where does CN 1 arise
Olfactory nerve
Where does CN2 arise
Cerebrum
Where does CN III arise
Midbrain-pontine junction
Where does CN IV arise
Posterior part of midbrain (longest intracranial length of all CNs)
Where does CN V arise?
Pons
Which CN arise from the pons medulla junction?
VI, VII, VIII
Which CN arise from the medula?
IX -> XII
What are the caues of an INO
Demyelination
Ischaemia
Haemorrhage
in the pons
How to test CN V
- Motor - feel jaw clenched, protrude jaw (deviates to weaker muscle)
- Sensation to light touch and pin prick (in out in 3 branches of trigeminal nerve)
- Jaw jerk
- Sensory limb of corneal reflex
How to test CN VII
- Observe - wrinkle of forehead, asymmetry of mouth and nasolabial fold
- Test - upper face-eye closure and lifting eye brows up; lower face mouth opening, show teeth, puff cheeks
- Motor limb corneal reflex
What is the Weber’s test
512 Hz tuning fork in midline - where can you hear the buzzing sound
Rinne’s test
512 Hz tuning fork pressed against mastoid bone and away from the ear - which is louder?
How to test CN IX
Gag reflex (sensory)
How to test CN X
- Elevate palate (points to normal side)
