Alexander II (quiz #1)

Question 1

From what years did Alexander II serve as Tsar of Russia?

Answer 1

1855-1881

Question 2

How old was Alexander II when he became Tsar?

Answer 2

36 years old

Question 3

What did Nicholas I say to Alexander II while on his deathbed?

Answer 3

“Hold onto everything!”

Question 4

What was Alexander II commited to retaining?

Answer 4

The autocratic powers of Tsar

Question 5

What was seen as a need for Russia

Answer 5

modernization

Question 6

When was the Crimean war?

Answer 6

1854-1856

Question 7

Who did Russia lose to in the Crimean war?

Answer 7

France, Britain, Ottoman Empire, Sardinia

Question 8

What did Tim Chapman say was the single most important law/decree issued by the Tsar in the 19th century?

Answer 8

The emancipation of the serfs by Alexander II

Question 9

Why was Alexander II not popular among either sides of the political spectrum?

Answer 9

He had inconsistencies, wanted to keep Tsar autocracy while modernize Russia

Question 10

When was Alexander II assassinated?

Answer 10

1881

Question 11

Who was Alexander II assassinated by?

Answer 11

terrorists of The People’s Will group

Question 12

What were the four reasons for defeat in Crimean war?

Answer 12

Communications, industry, administration, military

Question 13

Why was the institution of serfdom criticized?

Answer 13

moral objections, economic objections, military objections

Question 14

What was the abolition of serfdom needed to do?

Answer 14

Modernize

Question 15

What was the result of the institution of serfdom from 1844-1854?

Answer 15

There were 350 revolts by peasants

Question 16

What did people of Russia believe about Alexander II

Answer 16

He could reform Russia

Question 17

What was Alexander II’s argument over why serfs should be emancipated?

Answer 17

He claimed it was better to abolish serfdom from above than for serfdom to abolish itself from below

Question 18

What years were the emancipation of the serfs?

Answer 18

1855-1861

Question 19

Why were the nobals/owners of serfs hostile towards their emancipation?

Answer 19

Social, financial status depended on how many serfs they owned

Question 20

What did nobals/slavophiles fear would happen after the emancipation?

Answer 20

Chaos would erupt, collapse of the stability of the Russian social system

Question 21

What were the two centural issues surrounding the emancipation of the serfs?

Answer 21

Land and control

Question 22

What were some of the freedoms serfs were allowed after the emancipation?

Answer 22

Own land, marry, use law courts, have businesses

Question 23

What were redemption dues?

Answer 23

Money serfs had to pay back to government as they were “given” land that they worked on

Question 24

What were redemption dues used to do?

Answer 24

Compensate landlords

Question 25

How long and at what interest percent were redemption dues paid?

Answer 25

49 years at 6% interest

Question 26

What was the mir?

Answer 26

Responsible for collecting payments for government

Question 27

What differences did state owned serfs have in the emancipation?

Answer 27

They had a 5-year transition period rather than 2, and they were given larger land plots

Question 28

What did household/domestic serfs recieve

Answer 28

Nothing other than their freedom

Question 29

What was the response to the emancipation?

Answer 29

Both praise and ciricism but most were disatisfied

Question 30

Why were the peasants mad after the emancipation?

Answer 30

That they had to pay for land, they thought it was rightfully theirs

Question 31

Why were the nobals mad after the emancipation?

Answer 31

They lost social importance, felt betrayed by Tsar

Question 32

In what terms was the emancipation a huge success?

Answer 32

Legal rights and liberties

Question 33

How many Russians were liberated?

Answer 33

40 million

Question 34

In 1865, what happened in the USA that the emancipation is compared to, even considered a bigger success?

Answer 34

The abolishion of slavery

Question 35

What did 85% of serfs become within 20 years of the emancipation?

Answer 35

Landowners

Question 36

What were reduced over the next 40 years after the emancipation?

Answer 36

Peasant disturbances

Question 37

Why was the immediate impact of emancipation lessened?

Answer 37

Because it was implemented at the local level

Question 38

Who was the process itself carried out more favourably to?

Answer 38

Landowners

Question 39

Why did many peasants end up with less than before the emancipation?

Answer 39

Land settlements were too small, prices were inflated

Question 40

What could the mir continue to restrict peasants from doing?

Answer 40

Traveling, splitting up land

Question 41

What did emancipation fail to solve?

Answer 41

Industrial backwardness