aldehyde and ketones Flashcards
why are aldehyde and ketones have permanent dipole
as the c=o bond is very polar so the boiling point is also higher than alkanes
what are the solubility of k&a
they cannot dissolve in water as the carbon chain length exceeds 4
why is it reactive
the c=o is very polar so the carbon can be attacked by a nucleophile and form addition reaction
what is aldehyde oxidised into using what
carboxylic acids using potassium dichromate
what can ketones be oxidised into
nothing as th c-c bond will have to break however this is difficult as it is very strong
what can stronger oxidising agent do to ketone
produce co2 and shorter chains
`how do you distinguish an aldehyde and a keton
use fehlings test or silver mirror test
what is fehlings test made of
made from two solutions a & b
a contains cu2 plus ions and is ble colored
b contqains alkali and complexing agent
what happens when you add aldehyde to fehlings
when an aldehyde is added a brick red ppt of cooper oxide is formed
an aldehyde is oxidise into carboxylic acid
what does a silver mirror test contain
complex agnh3 ions and aqueaous ammonia
what happens when aldehyde is added to tollens reagent
aldehyde is oxidised into carboxylic acids and silver is reduce to ag which forms the silver mirror
what do we use to reduce aldehydes and ketones
sodium tetrahydribote
