Alcohol Symposium Flashcards

1
Q

Effects of low doses of alcohol

A

Euphoria, reduced anxiety, relaxation and socialbility

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2
Q

Effects of high doses of alcohol

A

Intoxication (the pathological state produced by a drug, serum, alcohol or any toxic substance - poisoning)

impaired attention and judgement, unsteadiness, flushing, nystagmus, mood instability, disinhibition, slurring, stupor, unconsciousness

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3
Q

Harmful use of alcohol

A

pattern of use causing damage to physical or mental health. Use >1 month or repeatedly over 12 months

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4
Q

Alcohol dependence

A

3 or more of the following for >1month or repeatedly over 12 months:
Cravings/compulsions to take
Difficulty controlling use
Primacy
Increased tolerance
Physiological withdrawal on reduction/cessation
Persistence despite harmful consequences

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5
Q

Withdrawal State

A

Group of symptoms of variable clustering and severity on complete/relative withdrawal of a psychoactive substance, after persistent use of that substance

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6
Q

Symptoms of alcohol withdrawal state

A

Tremor, weakness, nausea, vomiting, anxiety, seizures, confusion, agitation, death

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7
Q

Delirium Tremens

A

Profound confusion, tremor, agitation, hallucinations, delusions, sleeplessness, autonomic over-activity
. Mortality of 5%. Death results form cardiovascular collapse, infection, hyperthermia, seizures or self injury

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8
Q

Mental health problems resulting from alcohol use

A
Anxiety
Depression
Sleep disruption
Morbid Jealousy
Alcoholic hallucinosis
Deliberate self-injury
Suicidal thoughts/acts
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9
Q

Wernickes Encephalopathy

A

Confusion, ataxia, opthalmoplegia, nystagmus

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10
Q

Korsakoff’s Psychosis

A

Prominent impairment of recent and remote memory, preservation of immediate recall, no general cognitive impairment, retrograde and anterograde memory, impaired learning and disorientation, may exhibit nystagmus and ataxia

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11
Q

What causes Wernickes Encephalopathy and Korsakoffs psychosis

A

Thiamine deficiency due to poor intake and absorption, poor hepatic function and increased requirement of alcohol metabolism

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12
Q

CAGE

A

Have you tried to Cut down?
Have you felt Annoyed by people criticising your drinking?
Have you felt Guilty about drinking?
Have you felt the need to have an Eye-opener?

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13
Q

Management of alcohol dependence

A

Support for patient and family
Psychological help (e.g. CBT, group therapy)
Social work input (benefits, housing, child protection)
Skills training
Community Support (eg AA, ADA)
Inpatient or residential treatment
Medication

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14
Q

Prevention of Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

A

Thiamine

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15
Q

Management of alcohol withdrawal (medication)

A

Benzodiazepines , commonly Chlordiazepoxide

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16
Q

Aversion/deterrent medication

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

17
Q

Anticraving medication

A

Acamprosate (Campral)
Naltrexone
Nalmefene
(Baclofen)