Alcohol and drugs Flashcards
How much energy does each gram contain?
28kj/7kcal
What are the psychological effects of alcohol?
CNS disinhibiton reduced pain sensitivity reduced anxiety enhances self confidence promotes aggression
What are the physiological effects of alcohol?
altered CV/thermoregulatory function impaired gluconeogenesis impaired glycogen synthesis negative fluid balance excessive perivascular vasodilation
What effect does alcohol have after exercise?
increased muscle blood flow leading to increased swelling
decreased pain sensitivity encouraging overuse
failure to observe good practice such as RICE
What are the advice to athletes about alcohol?
encourages increased urine water loss causes dehydration
energetically not useful to muscle
no useful nutrient
can delay healing of muscles
What are anabolic steroids?
cell growth steroids
What are androgenic steroids?
development and promotion of male characteristics
What do steroids do?
mimic the effects of the male sex hormones increasing the protein synthesis especially in muscles
how are steroids administered?
oral pills (low bioavaliability) injectable solution IM skin patches (low dose)
How do steroids effect performance?
enhanced muscle synthesis increased muscle mass enhanced blood volume increased bone density rapid healing decreased body fat decreased immune function enhanced mood
What are the physiological effects of steroids?
liver disease CVD acne sterility infection
What are the psychological effects of steroids?
roid rage
depression
increased risk of suicide
disturbed sleep
What is blood doping?
increasing the number of red blood cells
How is blood doping carried out?
athletes or a donors blood is harvested and then transfused prior to event
What is EPO
Erythropoietin
