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Metabolism > Alcohol > Flashcards

Alcohol Flashcards

1
Q

How readily is Alcohol absorbed?

A

Absorbed readily by entire GIT.

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2
Q

What is the rate of absorption dependant on?

A

Amount of fat in stomach. More fat, less readily absorbed.

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3
Q

What causes flushing?

A

Decrease in enzyme that converts stuff.

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4
Q

Where does Alcohol metabolism occur?

A

In the Liver.

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5
Q

What is energy output from Alcohol?

A

29 kJ/gram.

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6
Q

What is energy output from Carbohydrate?

A

17 kJ/gram.

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7
Q

What is energy output from Fat?

A

37 kJ/gram.

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8
Q

What is energy output from Protein?

A

17 kJ/gram.

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9
Q

What happens to Alcohol?

A

Converted to Acetaldehyde.

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10
Q

What enzyme works on Alcohol?

A

Alcohol Dehydrogenase.

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11
Q

What happens to NAD+/NADH ratio when Alcohol is oxidised?

A

Decreases. NAD+ is used to produce NADH.

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12
Q

What happens to Acetaldehyde?

A

It is converted to Acetate.

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13
Q

What enzyme works on Acetaldehyde?

A

Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase.

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14
Q

What happens to NAD+/NADH ratio when Acetaldehyde is oxidised?

A

Decreases. NAD+ is used to produce NADH.

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15
Q

What happens to Acetate?

A

Converted to Acetyl CoA.

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16
Q

What enzyme works on Acetate?

A

Acetyl CoA Synthase.

17
Q

What is another way for Alcohol to be converted to Acetaldehyde?

A

MEOS. Microsomal Ethanol Oxidising System.

18
Q

Where does MEOS occur?

A

Microsome.

19
Q

What does MEOS require?

A

Special Enzyme CYP2E1, a member of Cytochrome P450, and NADPH which will be converted to NADP+

20
Q

Effects of excess Alcohol?

A

More Acetyl CoA. To use up Acetyl CoA Fatty Acid Synthesis will increase greatly.

21
Q

How does the body try to decrease the NADH/NAD+ ratio?

A

By converting Pyruvate to Lactate.

22
Q

Effects of low NAD+?

A

Hypoglycaemia. Less pyruvate for GNG also since less CAC is happening, less Oxolacetate.

Metabolism (11 decks)

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