Airspace Structure Flashcards
Airspace dimensions and VHF frequencies for high density airports in Canada are shown on which publications?
VFR Terminal Area Charts (VTA) and the CFS
What are the 7 airspace classes?
What are the specifications for Class A airspace, which overlies all of Canada?
Known as controlled high level airspace
- SDA it is from FL180 to FL600
- NDA it is from FL230 to FL600
- ACA ( it is from FL270 to FL600
- IFR only
- Clearance required
- Mode C transponder required
What are the requirements for Class B airspace, which is usually found only in areas with radar coverage where a need exists for ATC services to IFR and control VFR aircraft?
- Class B is all low level controlled airspace above 12500ft ASL and up to but not including FL180 and is indicated by a hatched pattern on LO charts and a dark blue line on VFR Navigation charts (VNC)
- IFR and VFR allowed
- Clearnace required to enter
- Mode C transponder
Define Class C airspace
- Class C is defined, controlled airspace around busy airports, described as Terminal Control Areas and their associated Control Zones
- IFR and VFR allowed (IFR provided with traffic separation and VFR provided with traffic info upon request)
- Clearance required to enter
- Transponder Mode C
**Class C reverts to Class E when ATC is closed
Define Class D airspace
-Defined controlled airspace around kinda busy airports (Halifax) described as Terminal Control Areas and their associated Control Zones
-IFR and VFR allowed but where VFR must establish two-way communication before entering
-MAY need transponder Mode C (will say on the map or CFS)
There are no special requirements for VFR in Class E controlled airspace UNLESS…
…it is a Control Zone
What types of areas can end up being Class E airspace?
- Low level airways
- Control area extensions, transition areas, or control zones established WITHOUT an operating control tower
- Class C or D when the tower is closed
In Class E airspace, what areas do VFR controlled airspace weather minimums apply?
Both in the airspace and control zones
If an erodrome has a Class E Control Zone, VFR aircraft must follow ____ procedures as well as get a ____ ____ 5 minutes prior to entering the zone.
-MF procedures
-Traffic advisory from the controlling FSS
How is a Class E control zone indicated on a map?
Dashed line around the control area
Unless it specifically says ASL next to the altitute on a map, then the alitude is…
AGL
What are the 3 types of Class F airspace?
Restricted (CYR) - Prior permisson only
Advisory (CYA) - VRF may fly thru but keep alert, but just dont
Forest Fires
Unless otherwise stated, what frequency should you monitor when flying through Class F Advisory (CYA) airspcace?
126.7
Who is not allowed in either Class F airspace?
IFR aircraft unless they have prior permission from the user agency, have an altitude reservation, or are conducting a contact or visual approach
What are the 7 Class F Activity Codes?
S - Soaring
H - Hang gliding
A - Aerobatic
T - Flight Training
P - Parachute
F - Flight Test Area
M - Military
What are the parameters of the restricted airspace around a forest fire?
-It extends from the surface of the earth up to 3000AGL
-Has a radius of 5NM
-Will be published and modified via NOTAM
What are the characteristics of Class G airspace?
-Covers 99% of Canada and is uncontrolled
-No restrictions for IFR or VFR
-Extends up to Class A airspace unless another overlying airspace is indicated above it
What are Low Level Air Routes?
Low level air routes are similar to airways but are Class G uncontrolled airspace. They are designated by two letters and a number, ie: AR34
What airspaces require a transponder?
-All Class A, B, and C
-Class D and E MAY require one
-All Class E extending from 10000ASL up to and including 12500ASL within radar coverage
What are types of controlled airspace?
-High Level Airspaces FL180 (SDA), FL230 (NDA), FL27 (ACA) and above (Class A)
-Low level airspace that is Class B, C, D, or E.
-All low level airways, which are Class E, are controlled
What do IFR aircraft require to enter into any contolled airspace, regardless of Class?
A clearance
What are the usual dimensions of a Control Zone (CZ)?
Extends upwards from the surface, up to and including 3000AGL (unless otherwise specified)
What is the purpose of a Control Area Extension (CAE) and the typical dimensions of them?
-To provide aditional controlled airspace for IFR traffic.
-A CAE typically surrounds and overlies the core Control Zone.
-CAE typically extend upward from 2200AGL up to but not including 18000ASL, same as an airway
In a Control Area Extension (CAE) who controls the IFR traffic?
The Area Control Center (ACC)
On the map for YHZ, the control zone is noted as being 3500 (3000). Which one is ASL and which one is AGL?
3500 ASL (3000AGL)
If there is no info on the map for radio contact for an aerodrome, where should you look for that info?
The CFS
What are the VFR Weather minima in CONTROLLED airspace?
What are the VFR weather minima in UNControlled airspace?
What is Special VFR (SVFR)?
-Grants permission for VFR aircraft to proceed into a CZ when weather is below VFR minima (basically you admitting you kinda fucked up and are in a bit of trouble)
-You must ask ATC for it, it will not be offered
-Even in SVFR you still must:
Remain clear of cloud
Maintain visual contact with the ground
For a plane, have a min visibility of 1SM
For a heli, have a min visibility of 1/2 SM
When and for what are you allowed to request SVFR?
-During the day, VFR may request SVFR to arrive or depart
-During the night, aircraft may request SVFR for arrival only
-Night VFR Heli may request SVFR to arrive or depart
When we use the term ‘airway’ (those highways in the sky) what is that applicable to?
A VOR to VOR Highway/Airway
An NDB to NDB Highway/Airway
And NDB to VOR Highway/Airway
*Airways are Class E airspace and always start at 2200AGL up to FL180 IF there is no overlying Class B, C, or D airspace
What are the dimensions of VHF/UHF and LF/MF Low Level Airways?
What are T-Routes and their dimensions?
-Low level controlled fixed RNAV Routes
-10NM on each side of the center line
-Unlike VHF and LF Airways, they are straight and do not splay out after a certain distance
What map shows T-Routes?
Only Lo-Charts
