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Private Pilot Practical > airplane systems > Flashcards

airplane systems Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

What are the four main control surfaces?

A

Elevators, ailerons, rudder, and trim tabs

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2
Q

What is the function of the elevator?

A

To control the movement of the airplane about its lateral axis. This motion is called pitch

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3
Q

What is the function of the ailerons?

A

The ailerons control the airplane’s movement about its longitudinal axis. This motion is called roll

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4
Q

What is the function of the rudder

A

The Rudder controls the airplanes movement over its vertical axis, this motion is called yaw

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5
Q

What is the funciton of the trim tab?

A

The trim tabs are small hinged surfaces on the aileron, rudder, or elevator control surfaces. They are abor saving devices that enable the pilot to release manual pressure on the primary control

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6
Q

How are the various flight controls operated?

A

The flight control surfaces are manually actuated through use of either a rod or cable system.

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7
Q

What are flaps and what are their functions?

A

The wing flaps are moveable panels on the inboard trailing edges of the wings. They are hinged so that they may be extended downward into the flow of air beneath the wings to increase both lift and drag. Their purpose is to permit a slower airspeed and a steeping angle of descent during a landing approach

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8
Q

Landing gear system?

A

Tricycle type system utilizing two main wheels and a steerable nosewheel

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9
Q

Breaking system?

A

Hydraulically actuated disc type brakes on utilizes on each main gear wheel

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10
Q

How is steering accomplished on the ground?

A

Nosewheel steering capabilities are provided by a simple system of mechianal linkage connected to the rudder pedals.

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11
Q

What type of engine does your aircraft have?

A

A horizontally opposed four cylinder, overhead valve, air cooled, carbureted engine. The engine is manufactured by lycoming and rated at 110hp

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12
Q

What four strokes must occur in each cylinder of a typical four stroke engine in order for it to produce full power?

A
  1. Intake - fuel mixture is drawn into cylinder by downward stroke
  2. Compression - mixture is compressed by upward stroke
  3. Power - spark ignites mixture forcing piston downward and producing power
  4. Exhaust - burned gases pushed out of cylinder by upward stroke
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13
Q

What does the carburetor do?

A

The carb mixes fuel and air in the correct proportions so as to form a combustible mixture. It vaporizes liquid fuel into small particles and then mixes it with air.

It measure airflow and meters fuel accordingly.

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14
Q

How does carb heat work?

A

Carb heat valve allows heated air to be directed to the induction air manifold prior to the carb

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15
Q

What change occurs to the fuel/air mixture when applying carb heat?

A

Normally, the introduction of heated air into the carb will result in a richer mixture. Warm air is less dense, resulting in less air for the same amount of fuel.

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16
Q

What does the throttle do?

A

The throttle allows the pilot to manually control the amount of fuel/air charge entering the cylinders. This in turn regulates the engine speed and power.

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17
Q

What does the mixture control do?

A

It regulates the fuel-to-air ratio.

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18
Q

What type of ignition system does your airplane have?

A

Ignition is provided by two engine driven magnetos and two spark plugs per cylinder.

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19
Q

What are two main advantages of a dual ignition system?

A

Increased safety and More complete and even combustion fo the mixture

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20
Q

What does of fuel system does your aircraft have?

A

The fuel system is a gravity feed.

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21
Q

What purpose do fuel tank vents have

A

Fuel system venting provides a way of replacing fuel with outside air which prevents the formation of a vacuum

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22
Q

Does your aircraft use a fuel pump

A

no

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23
Q

What type of fuel does your aircraft require?

A

100LL and Premium gasoline

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24
Q

What si the function of the manual primer?

A

The manual primers main function is to provide assistance in starting the engine.

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25
Q

Describe the electrical system on your aircraft

A

Electrical energy is provided by a 28 volt direct current system powered by an engine driven 60 amp alternator and a 24 volt battery

26
Q

What does the ammeter indicate?

A

The ammeter indicates the flow of current, in amperes, from the alternator to the battery or from the battery to the electrical system.

27
Q

How does aircraft cabin heat work?

A

Fresh air heated by an exhaust shroud is directed to the cabin through a series of ducts

28
Q

How does the pilot control temperature in the cabin?

A

Temeprature is controlled by mixing outside air with heated air in a manifold near the cabin firewall. This air is then ducted to vents located on the cabin floor

29
Q

What causes carb ice?

A

Vaporization of fuel combined with the expansion of air as it passes through the carb causes a sudden cooling of the mixture. The temp of air passing through the carb could drop as much as 60 degrees per second.

30
Q

What conditions are favorable to carb icing

A

Temperatures below 70 and relative humidity above 80%

31
Q

What is detonation?

A

It is an uncontrolled, explsoive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinder’s combustion chamber. Most likely to occur at high power settings

32
Q

What actions should be taken if detonation is suspected?

A

Reduce power

Reduce the climb rate

Enrich the mixture

Open cowl flaps

33
Q

What is preignition?

A

Occurs when fuel/air mixture ignites prior tot the engine’s normal igntiion event resulting in reduced engine power and high operating temperatures.

34
Q

What actions should be taken if preignition is suspected?

A

Reduce power
Reduce climb rate
Enrichen mixture
open cowl flaps if available

35
Q

What procedures should be followed concerning a partial loss of power in flight?

A 
Check carb heat
Check fuel amount
Check fuel selector valve
Check mixture control
Check primer control 
Check magnetos
36
Q

Engine fire, what to do?

A 
Cut Mixture
Fuel selector off
Master switch off
Cabin heat and air vents off
 Descend at maximum rate
execute a forced landing
37
Q

What to do during an engine fire on ground if the engine starts?

A

Increase the power to a higher RPM for a few moments and

shut the engine down to inspect it

38
Q

What to do during an engine fire on ground if the engine does not start?

A

Full throttle
Cut Mixture
Continue trying to start engine to put fire out with vacuum

39
Q

What to do during an engine fire on ground if the fire continues?

A

Ignition off
master off
fuel selector off

40
Q

What instruments operate off of the pitot-static?

A

Altimeter, Vertical Speed, Airspeed

41
Q

On a warm day, how does the altimeter indicate?

A

The altimeter indicates lower than actual altitude

42
Q

On a cold day, how does the altimeter indicate?

A

The altimeter indicates higher than actual altitude

43
Q

On a higher than standard pressure, how does the altimeter indicate?

A

The altimeter indicates lower than actual altitude

44
Q

On a lower than standard pressure day, how does the altimeter indicate?

A

the altimeter indicates higher than actual altitdue

45
Q

Pressure altitude phrase?

A

High to low, look out below

Hot to cold, look out below

46
Q

Absolute altitude?

A

Vertical distance of an aircraft above terrain

47
Q

Indicated altitude?

A

The altitude read directly from the altimeter

48
Q

Pressure altitude?

A

Altitude indicated by altimeter hen set to 29.92

49
Q

True altitude?

A

The true vertical distance of the aircraft above sea level

50
Q

Density Altitude?

A

Pressure altitude correct for nonstandard temeprature

51
Q

Maneuvering Speed?

A

Va, maximum speed for abrupt maneuvers

52
Q

Vx

A

Best angle of climb

53
Q

Vy

A

Best rate of climb

54
Q

What instruments contain gyroscopes?

A

A. Turn coordinator
B. Heading Indicator
C. Attitude Indicator

55
Q

What are the two fundamental properties of a gyroscope?

A

Rigidity in space and Precession

56
Q

Rigidity in space?

A

A gryo remains in a fixed position in the plane in which it is spinning

57
Q

Precession?

A

The tilting or turning of a gryo in response to deflective force. Reaction of force occurs 90 degrees later in direction of rotation.

58
Q

Slip?

A

the ball in the tube will be on the inside of the turn, not enough rate of turn for the amount of bank

59
Q

Skid?

A

The ball in thet ube will be to the outside of the turn, too much rate of turn for the amount of bank

60
Q

ANDS?

A

A ccelerate
N orth
D ecelerate
S outh

61
Q

Acceleration error?

A

On east or west headings, while accelerating, the magnetic compass shows a turn to the north, and when decelerating, it shows a turn to the south

Private Pilot Practical (7 decks)

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