Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NURB 3150 > Airflow Disorder Drugs > Flashcards

Airflow Disorder Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

bronchodilator drugs

A
  • b2 adrenergic agonists
  • methylxanthines
  • anticholinergics
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anti-inflammatory drugs

A
  • corticosteroids
  • leukotriene antagonists
  • mast cell stabilizers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists moa

A

stimulates beta 2 receptors in the bronchial smooth muscle, resulting in bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists indications

A
  • control asthma
  • treat bronchospasm
  • prevent exercise-induced asthma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists caution/contraindications

A

-contraindicated in tachydysrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists adverse effects

A
  • tremors
  • cardiac stimulation
  • cns stimulation (increase bp & hr)
  • oral agents: tachycardia & angina
  • SABA: rebound bronchospasm with overuse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

SABA drugs

A
  • rescue drugs, most effective for relief of acute bronchospasm
  • can also relax other smooth muscles
  • albuterol & levalbuterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

albuterol route

A
  • inh mdi or aerosol (s.aa)

- po (long acting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

LABA

A
  • long term maintenance/prevention of bronchospasm (not for acute sx)
  • prescribed with INH corticosteroid
  • given AM & PM 12 hours apart
  • salmeterol & formoterol
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

salmeterol

A
  • can be given alone or combined with a fluticasone as Advair
  • bbw: can worsen severe asthma attacks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

formoterol

A

given in combo with corticosteroid budesonide as Symbicort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists interactions

A
  • MAOIs increase risk for hypertensive crisis
  • use with b-adrenergic blockers negate effects of both medication
  • thyroid hormone, caffeine, some cold products will enhance CNS stimulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

b2 adrenergic agonists implications

A
  • use b2 agonists before corticosteroids
  • follow manufacturer instructions and dose schedule
  • don’t exceed prescribed dose
  • observe indications of impending asthma episode
  • notify hcp of increase in frequency & intensity of asthma exacerbation
  • monitor breath sounds before and after admin to note effectiveness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

anticholinergics moa

A

block muscarinic receptors of the bronchi, resulting in bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

anticholinergics indications

A
  • relieve bronchospasm associated with COPD

- treat allergen and exercised induced bronchospasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anticholinergics adverse effects

A
  • dry mouth/throat
  • hoarseness
  • constipation
  • coughing
  • nasal congestion
  • palpitations
  • blurred vision
  • urinary retention
  • decreased mucus
  • anxiety
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

anticholinergics drugs

A
  • ipratropium

- tiotropium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ipratropium

A
  • often given in combo with albuterol as combvient (MDI) or duoneb (nebulizer)
  • dose: bid, tid, qid
  • route: inhalation
  • can be a rescue drug or a maintenance drug
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

tiotropium

A
  • similar to ipratropium but longer duration

- once daily as a DPI

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

anticholinergic interactions

A

increase anticholinergic effects if used with other antimuscarininc agents (atropine, benztropine)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

anticholinergic implications

A
  • wait length of time between pumps
  • rince mouth after inh to rid unpleasant taste
  • wait 2 minutes between inh drugs
  • never swallow tiotropium caps, use inh device
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

methylxanthines moa

A

relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle resulting in bronchodilation with mild-inflammatory effects

23
Q

methylxanthines indications

A

2nd line treatment for bronchitis and COPD

24
Q

methylxanthines caution

A

heart disease, htn, liver & renal dysfunction (decrease CO slows clearance of xanthine, can become cardiotoxic)

25
Q

methylxanthines adverse effects

A
  • mild: n/v, anorexia, restlessness

- severe: ventricular dysrhythmias, seizures (can be first sign of toxicity)

26
Q

methylxanthines drugs

A
  • theophylline

- aminophylline

27
Q

theophylline

A

oral dose based on weight

28
Q

aminiophylline

A
  • po or iv, based on weight

- iv use for emergency only (status asthmaticus or severe COPD exacerbations)

29
Q

aminophylline iv dose instructions

A
  • give loading dose first (usually given piggyback over 30 minutes
  • order is given mg/hr based on weight
  • don’t admin too fast, can cause severe or even fatal acute circulatory shock
30
Q

methylxanthines therapeutic levels

A
  • 5-15 mcg/mL, obtain trough regularly and must be timed with dose for accuracy
  • serious effects usually appear with levels > or = 20
31
Q

methylxanthines drug interactions

A
  • increase level: cimetidine, fluroquinolone abx, macrolide abx
  • decrease level: antiepileptic drugs (phenytoin, phenobarbital)
  • caffeince increase CNS and cardiac ae
  • smoking
32
Q

methylxanthine implications

A
  • monitor xanthine blood level
  • report s/s of toxicity
  • no otc meds containing sympathomimetic agents
  • limit other xanthine- coffee, tea, chocolate, soda
  • notify if new prescribe drugs
  • never double dose
33
Q

corticosteroids moa

A
  • promotes responsiveness of b2 receptors in the bronchial tree
  • inhibits synthesis of leukotrienes, reducing broncho-constriction and mucus production (decrease hyper-responsiveness to inflammation)
34
Q

corticosteroids indication

A
  • iv: status asthmaticus, severe COPD exacerbation
  • PO: treat sx after acute asthma attack (short-term), mgmt of chronic asthma
  • inh: longterm prophylaxis asthma, COPD
35
Q

corticosteroids adverse effects

A
  • inh: hoarseness, cough w/out infection, dry mouth, unpleasant taste, candidiasis
  • high dose/long term: adrenal suppression, cns stimulation, increased risk of infection, bone loss, osteoporosis, cushing syndrome
36
Q

corticosteroid drugs

A
  • IV: hydrocortisone, methylprednisone
  • PO: prednisone, methylprednisone
  • INH: beclomethasone, fluticasone, budesonide
37
Q

corticosteroids teaching

A
  • bronchodilator 5 min before ICS
  • examine mouth daily. rinse mouth after every treatment to prevent candiasis and get ride of aftertaste
  • fastidious cleaning of MDI, nebulizer
  • using spacer
  • take on schedule
  • given qd or bid by inh, iv, & po
  • may take 4 weeks to see improvement
38
Q

leukotriene modifiers moa

A
  • suppress effects of leukotrienes, thus decreasing inflammation, bronchoconstriction, airway edema, and mucus production
  • interferes with formation of substances that cause mucous plugs and constricts airways
39
Q

leukotriene modifiers indications

A
  • treats chronic asthma
  • manages seasonal allergic rhinitis
  • prevents EIA
  • COPD
40
Q

leukotriene modifiers caution/contraindications

A
  • caution with liver dysfunction

- bbw: neuropsychiatric events in adult and children

41
Q

leukotriene modifiers adverse effect

A
  • fatigue
  • h/a
  • weakness
  • cough
  • n/v
42
Q

leukotriene modifiers drugs

A
  • po
  • montelukast
  • zafirlukast
  • zileuton
43
Q

leukotriene modifiers teaching

A
  • with asthma, take qd (bedtime), or bid, even if no sx
  • for eia, take 2 hours before exercise, but not within 24 hours of another dose of that drug
  • watch for changes in behavior
44
Q

mast cell stabilizers moa

A
  • inhibits release of histamine, leukotriene, etc. from mast cells (prevents mucus and swelling)
  • suppress inflammatory cells
  • no bronchodilators effect, no effect on mediators already released
45
Q

mast cell stabilizers indications

A
  • chronic asthma (maintenance drug)

- takes several weeks to reach therapeutic effects

46
Q

mast cell stabilizers contraindications

A
  • cad

- dysrhythmias

47
Q

mast cell stabilizers administration

A
  • inh only

- rinse mouth and gargle to relieve taste and dryness of mouth/throat

48
Q

mast cell stabilizers drugs

A
  • cromolyn

- nedocromil

49
Q

monoclonal antibody moa

A

binds to IgE immunoglobin and limits release of chemical mediators of allergic response

50
Q

monoclonal antibody indications

A
  • treat severe persistent asthma

- for overactive immune responses

51
Q

monoclonal antibody caution

A
  • BBW: risk of anaphylaxis (must be given in HCP office)

- risk for infection

52
Q

monoclonal antibody adminstration

A

-subq every 2-4 weeks

53
Q

monoclonal antibody drug

A

omalizumab

NURB 3150 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions