Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

AIH1 > AIH1 > Flashcards

AIH1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is accepted for orders

A

complete accurate legible oral paper or electronic requests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How is the blood sample labelled

A

two independent identifiers, mechanism to identify phlebotomist and date/time of collection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many determinants of blood group for allogeneic transfusion

A

two: 2nd sample taken at separate time or retest same sample if using electronic patient verification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How long to keep patient samples and segments

A

Saved for at least 7 days from the last possible day of transfusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Neonate testing

A

Initial sample to test ABO and Rh and antibody screen using maternal or neonate serum, repeat not needed if same hospital stay within 4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Neonate has initial antibody screen negative, what to crossmatch?

A

Crossmatch not required up to 4 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Neonate has initial antibody screen positive, what to crossmatch?

A

AHG compatible or antigen negative until antibody NLD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Non group O neonate is receiving non group O RBC that is not compatible with the maternal ABO group, what to test

A

Test neonate’s serum for anti-A, anti-B by AHG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

ARDP participation requirements

A
  1. Ship 15 units through the ARDP
  2. Register at least 10 donors
  3. Screen at least 1000 donors for high prevalence antigens
  4. Provide anti-sera to another ARDP member
  5. Perform at least 1 family study
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

ARDP submission requirements

A

High prevalence: all ABO groups acceptable, all common antigen negative results tested x 2, molecular (e variants, DO)
Multiple common antigen negative: Group O and A (Caucasian), Group O, A and B (African)
IgA deficient: IgA < 0.05mg/dL on 2 occasions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

ARDP uncommon donor requirements

A
  1. R1R1, R2R2, R0, or rr and K- and one negative in Ss, Duffy, Kidd
  2. R1R1, R2R2, rr and K- and Fya-b-
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

ARDP Top 10 High prevalence antigen negative requests

A
  1. U
  2. Lub
  3. hrB
  4. Yta
  5. Jsb
  6. JK3
  7. k
  8. Vel
  9. Hy
  10. Joa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Needle for transfusion

A

Adult: 18-19g
Child: 21-23g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Requirements for consent

A

Informed consent obtained and documented (description of risks, opportunity to ask questions, right to accept or refuse transfusion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pretransfusion medications

A

Antihistamines (mild allergic reactions)
Corticosteroids (severe allergic reactions)
Antipyretics (febrile reactions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pretransfusion unit verification at bedside

A

2 licensed staff members must check, patient must state name, baseline vitals (temp not above 99F, pulse, blood pressure)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

IV solutions

A

Normal 0.9% saline only
D5W: causes RBC to swell, possible clumping
Ringers lactate: contains calcium, gelling effect
Drugs: unknown pH can cause hemolysis
Hypertonic/hypotonic: hemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Filters

A

Routine 150-260 micron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pressure infusion devices

A

Never use more than 300 mm Hg

Smaller the needle bore, the less pressure can be used (or will cause hemolysis)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Adult infusion rates

A

first 15 min: 2mL/min

Complete within 4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Pediatric infusion rates

A

RBC: 2-5mL/kg/hr
PLT/FFP: 60-120mL/hr
Cryo: as rapidly as tolerated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Rapid transfusion

A

Pressure infusion, large bore, type 8 FR double lumen intravenous catheters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Liver transplant stages

A

Pre-anhepatic (prep), anhepatic (transplant), post anhepatic (blood flow assessed)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Minor mismatch

A

Donor antibodies against patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Major mismatch
Recipient antibodies against donor
26
Describe the bloody vicious cycle of massive transfusion
Hemorrhage --> hemodilution --> coagulopathy
27
Massive transfusion complications
coagulopathy, hypothermia, acidosis (from shock), acidemia, hypocalcemia, hyperkalemia
28
Disaster response
1. Contact AABB task force within 1 hour (convenes conference call with level 1 members) 2. Determine what is the hospital admissions, current O inventory
29
TA anticoagulant of choice
Citrate
30
Physiological effects of citrate
Transient hypocalcemia | Management: IV infusion of calcium gluconate
31
TA adverse effect
Vasovagal reaction, hematoma, leukapheresis (fluid retention from HES), allergic reaction
32
TA Class I
TA is standard and acceptable: TTP/HUS, acute sickle stroke
33
TA Class I
TA is generally acceptable: renal transplantation antibody mediated rejection
34
TA Class III
Evidence is insufficient: acute liver failure
35
TA Class IV
TA is discouraged: ITP, atypical HUS
36
ITP description
Platelet specific autoantibodies bind to platelets then cleared by the spleen
37
ITP clinical picture
Petechiae, intracranial hemorrhage, gingival bleeding, spontaneous bleeding, epixtaxis
38
ITP laboratory picture
Low platelets, abnormal size, MPV increased
39
Acute ITP
Childhood disease proceeded by infection (VZ, EBV) | Usually self limiting & benign
40
Chronic ITP
Females 2x as likely as males
41
Child ITP treatment
IVIG to flood Fc receptors, short cause of steroids
42
Adult ITP treatment
Steroids, high IVIG dose, rituximab (causes B cell depletion)
43
TTP description
Autoimmune inhibitors or ADAMTS13 or reduced activity
44
TTP clinical picture
MAHA, thrombi, neurologic abnormalities, renal dysfunction, petechiae, purpura
45
TTP syndrome triad
1. Thrombocytopenia and mucous membrane bleeding 2. MAHA sufficient to cause jaundice 3. Neurologic abnormalities
46
TTP laboratory picture
Schistocytes, intravascular hemolysis, severe thrombocytopenia
47
TTP treatment
Plasma exchange | Never give platelets
48
Granulocyte transfusion reason
Provide granulocytes to phagocytize and kill bacteria
49
Granulocyte collection by apheresis drugs
HES: sedimentation and increase removal Corticosteroids: increase production G-CSF
50
Granulocyte collection
TTD testing done beforehand CMV negative required for immunocompromised patient 20-24C >24 hours no agitation irradiated
51
Granulocyte indication
Neutropenia <500/uL associated with fever unresponsive to antibiotic treatment, neonate with sepsis
52
Granulocyte transfusion side effects
HLA alloimmunization, GVHD, transmission of CMV
53
How much blood loss can be controlled with crystalloid solutions?
20%, losing 30% or more can cause hypovolemic shock
54
Diastole
Relaxation of the heart
55
Systole
Contraction of the heart
56
Diastolic pressure
80mmHg average, lowest systemic arterial pressure
57
Systolic pressure
120mmHg average, highest systemic arterial pressure
58
Blood volue
5L average
59
Pulse pressure
maximum systemic arterial pressure - minimum systemic arterial pressure (systolic - diastolic)
60
Mean arterial pressure
Average pressure during a cardiac cycle, 60mmHg minimum

AIH1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions