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AREA 2 > Agronomy3 > Flashcards

Agronomy3 Flashcards

1
Q

living in or on another living organism.

A

Parasitic

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2
Q

the development of a new individual from a germ cell without
fertilization.

A

Parthenogenesis

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3
Q

living more than one year but in some cases, producing seed in the first year
and every season thereafter

A

Perennial

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4
Q

a flower having both pistil and stamen.

A

Perfect flower

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5
Q
  • the designation for degree of acidity or hydrogen-ion activity.
A

pH

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6
Q

the organism as exemplified by its expressed characters.

A

Phenotype

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7
Q

the hours of daylight effective in causing physiological changes in plants.

A

Photoperiod

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8
Q

the response of plants to different day lengths or light periods

A

Photoperiodism

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9
Q

the growing or turning toward the light. The influence of light on the
direction of the different plant parts of a plant tends to grow.

A

Phototropism

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10
Q

the arrangement of leaves upon the stem.

A

Phyllotary

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11
Q

the seed-bearing organ of a flower consisting of the ovary, style and stigma.

A

Pistil

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12
Q

provided with pistils but without stamens.

A

Pistillate

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13
Q

any organism belonging to the plant or vegetable kingdom.

A

Plant

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14
Q

the male germ cells produced in the anther.

A

Pollen

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15
Q

the transfer of pollen from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the
pistil.

A

Pollination

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16
Q

a main root

A

Primary root

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17
Q

the capability of a soil to produce a specified plant or sequence of
plants under a specified system of management.

A

Productivity (of soil)

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18
Q

a vertical cross section of the soil through all its horizons and extending into the
parental material.

A

Profile

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19
Q

a strain of organism that is genetically pure because of continued inbreeding,
self fertilization, or other means.

A

Pure line

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20
Q
  • fruit production without sexual fertilization.
A

Parthenocarpy

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21
Q
  • the science or study of disease, its causes, and its controls.
A

Pathology

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22
Q
  • splitting of water into H+ and OH-
    , utilizing solar energy in the light reactions
    of photosynthesis.
A

Photolysis

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23
Q
  • the flowering response of a plant in relation to the relative
    length of light and dark periods, usually in terms of 24-hour day.
A

Photoperiodic response

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24
Q

the production of ATP using the energy of light - excited -
electrons produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis.

A

Photophosphorylation

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25
Q

the process of converting water and carbon dioxide into sugar using
chlorophyll and light energy, accompanied by the production of oxygen by green plants.

A

Photosynthesis

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26
Q

a tube-like structure developed by the tube nucleus in the microspore that
helps guide the sperm and endosperm nuclei through the stigma and style to the embryo
sac.

A

Pollen tube

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27
Q

a condition in which a plant has somatic cells with more than 2N
chromosomes per nucleus.

A

Polyploidy

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28
Q

a pesticide or herbicide spray that is after the crop has emerged
from the soil.

A

Post emergence spray

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29
Q

the timing of a chemical treatment applied before seedlings have
appeared above the soil surface

A

Pre-emergence

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30
Q

irrigation before final seedbed preparation and planting; a method to
insure adequate moisture for the
germination of crop seeds.

A

Pre-irrigation -

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31
Q

the transplanting of seedlings from a seeded plot to a wider spacing when
they are in the cotyledon stage or have a couple of three leaves.

A

Pricking off -

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32
Q
  • the removal of the first fruits, roots or tubers that develop on a plant leaving the
    remainder to mature.
A

Priming

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33
Q

the crop harvested from regrowth as in sugarcane

A

Ratoon

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34
Q

genus of bacteria that live symbiotically in the roots of legumes and fix
nitrogen that is used by plants.

A

Rhyzobium

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35
Q

– in asexual propagation, where the scion is attached to develop a new plant.

A

Rootstock

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36
Q

used in reference to the allelic form of a unit of heredity that, when present in
a heterozygous condition is not expressed.

A

Recessive

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37
Q

a crop which is planted in shortly before the first crop is to be harvested.

A

Relay crop

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38
Q

the degree of acidity or alkalinity of the soil expressed as pH.

A

Reaction

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39
Q

the replacement of soil about individual plants or a row of plants after some
soil has been removed from that location

A

Rehilling

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40
Q

the process of absorption of oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide.

A

Respiration

41
Q

a subterranean stem, usually rooting at the nodes and rising at the apex; a
rootstock.

A

Rhizome

42
Q

erosion producing small channels that can be obliterated by tillage.

A

Rill erosion

43
Q

the part of the plant.

A

Root

44
Q

living on dead organic matter.

A

Saprophytic

45
Q

the ripened ovule enclosing a sedimentary plant and the food necessary for its
germination.

A

Seed

46
Q

separation of hybrid progenic into the different hereditary types
representing the combination of the character of the two parents.

A

Segregation

47
Q
  • the choosing of plants having certain characteristics for propagation
A

Selection

48
Q
  • pollinated by pollen from same plant.
A

Selfed

49
Q

a root arising from the base of the hypocotyl.

A

Seminal root

50
Q

erosion by removal of a more or less uniform layer of material from the
land surface.

A

Sheet erosion

51
Q

offspring of the same parental plants

A

Siblings -

52
Q

forage preserved in a succulent condition by partial fermentation in a tight
container.

A

Silage

53
Q

small soil particles of a diameter of 0.002 to 0.05 mm.

A

Silt

54
Q

the first generation hybrid between 2 inbred lines.

A

Single cross

55
Q

plowed meadow of pasture.

A

Sod

56
Q

this is done by planting short season, drought tolerant crops after
rice, more especially upon failure of the rice crop due to pests.

A

Sequential planting

57
Q

the natural medium for the growth of land plants on the surface of the earth,
composed of organic and mineral materials.

A

Soil

58
Q
  • the upper part of the soil profile, the A and B horizons.
A

Solum

59
Q

to place seed in a position for growing.

A

Sow

60
Q

single-celled reproductive bodies produced by fungi.

A

Spore

61
Q

the pollen-bearing organ of a flower.

A

Stamen

62
Q

having stamens but no pistils.

A

Staminate

63
Q

a liquid that contains dissolved fertilizer nutrients and is applied to
plants to facilitate growth.

A

Starter solution

64
Q
  • a supply of seed of a crop variety.
A

Stock

65
Q
  • a modified propagating, creeping stem above ground that produces roots.
A

Stolon

66
Q
  • a group of plants derived from variety.
A

Strain

67
Q
  • the dried remnants of fine stemmed plants from which the seed had been
    removed.
A

Straw

68
Q

the basal portion of the stems of plants left standing after cutting.

A

Stubble

69
Q

that part of solum below plow depth or below the A horizon.

A

Subsoil

70
Q

a tiller. A shoot produced from a crown or rhizomes or in tobacco, from auxillary
buds.

A

Sucker

71
Q

the upper 12 inches or 30 cm of the soil, or in arable soils, the depth
commonly stirred by the plow.

A

Surface soil

72
Q
  • the fixation of nitrogen by bacteria infesting the roots of
    legumes while benefiting the legume crop.
A

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation

73
Q

a soil containing excessive amounts of soluble salts.

A

Saline soil

74
Q

the aerial part of a plant that is transferred to a new rootstock in grafting.

A

Scion

75
Q

the union of two haploid gametes to yield a single diploid zygote.

A

Sexual fertilization

76
Q

the tendency of soil particles to clump together or form aggregates.

A

Soil structure

77
Q

the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in soil.

A

Soil texture

78
Q

an inflorescence, common in the grass family, that has a central axis on which
sessile spikelete are born

A

Spike

79
Q

stem of a grass plant, which is a complete plant by itself.

A

Tiller

80
Q

used in reference to the overall physical condition of a soil, frequently regarding its
suitability as a seedbed.

A

Tilth

81
Q

a specific case of polypecidy in which there are 3N chromosomes

A

Triploid

82
Q
  • a single central root.
A

Taproot -

83
Q
  • the staminate inflorescence of maize composed of panicle spikes.
A

Tassel

84
Q

the science of classification.

A

Taxonomy

85
Q

a leaflet or stem modified for climbing or anchorage, as in the pea.

A

Tendril

86
Q

having four times the primary chromosome member.

A

Tetraploid

87
Q

the surface soil, usually the plow depth of the A horizon.

A

Topsoil

88
Q

the loss of moisture through the leaves

A

Transpiration

89
Q
  • small plant grown in a plant bed or flat, or are removed from a seeded row
    for resetting in a new location.
A

Transplants

90
Q
  • a short, thickened subterranean branch.
A

Tuber

91
Q
  • containing either stamens or pistils, but not both.
A

Unisexual

92
Q
  • the occurrence of differences among individuals of a species or variety.
A

Variation

93
Q

a group of individuals within a species that differ with the rest of the species

A

Variety

94
Q

in biology, a carrier. is generally an insect that carries pollen or diseasecausing organism from plant to plant.

A

vector

95
Q

ultramicroscopic protein bodies, the presence of certain types of which cause
mosaic and other diseases in plant tissue.

A
96
Q

a plant that in its location is more harmful than beneficial.

A

Weed

97
Q

a plant adapted to arid conditions

A

Xerophyte

98
Q

the woody part of a fibrovascular bundle containing vessels; the water-conducting
tissue.

A

Xylem

99
Q

product of united gametes.

A

Zygote

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