Agronomy3 Flashcards
living in or on another living organism.
Parasitic
the development of a new individual from a germ cell without
fertilization.
Parthenogenesis
living more than one year but in some cases, producing seed in the first year
and every season thereafter
Perennial
a flower having both pistil and stamen.
Perfect flower
- the designation for degree of acidity or hydrogen-ion activity.
pH
the organism as exemplified by its expressed characters.
Phenotype
the hours of daylight effective in causing physiological changes in plants.
Photoperiod
the response of plants to different day lengths or light periods
Photoperiodism
the growing or turning toward the light. The influence of light on the
direction of the different plant parts of a plant tends to grow.
Phototropism
the arrangement of leaves upon the stem.
Phyllotary
the seed-bearing organ of a flower consisting of the ovary, style and stigma.
Pistil
provided with pistils but without stamens.
Pistillate
any organism belonging to the plant or vegetable kingdom.
Plant
the male germ cells produced in the anther.
Pollen
the transfer of pollen from the anther of the stamen to the stigma of the
pistil.
Pollination
a main root
Primary root
the capability of a soil to produce a specified plant or sequence of
plants under a specified system of management.
Productivity (of soil)
a vertical cross section of the soil through all its horizons and extending into the
parental material.
Profile
a strain of organism that is genetically pure because of continued inbreeding,
self fertilization, or other means.
Pure line
- fruit production without sexual fertilization.
Parthenocarpy
- the science or study of disease, its causes, and its controls.
Pathology
- splitting of water into H+ and OH-
, utilizing solar energy in the light reactions
of photosynthesis.
Photolysis
- the flowering response of a plant in relation to the relative
length of light and dark periods, usually in terms of 24-hour day.
Photoperiodic response
the production of ATP using the energy of light - excited -
electrons produced in the light reactions of photosynthesis.
Photophosphorylation
the process of converting water and carbon dioxide into sugar using
chlorophyll and light energy, accompanied by the production of oxygen by green plants.
Photosynthesis
a tube-like structure developed by the tube nucleus in the microspore that
helps guide the sperm and endosperm nuclei through the stigma and style to the embryo
sac.
Pollen tube
a condition in which a plant has somatic cells with more than 2N
chromosomes per nucleus.
Polyploidy
a pesticide or herbicide spray that is after the crop has emerged
from the soil.
Post emergence spray
the timing of a chemical treatment applied before seedlings have
appeared above the soil surface
Pre-emergence
irrigation before final seedbed preparation and planting; a method to
insure adequate moisture for the
germination of crop seeds.
Pre-irrigation -
the transplanting of seedlings from a seeded plot to a wider spacing when
they are in the cotyledon stage or have a couple of three leaves.
Pricking off -
- the removal of the first fruits, roots or tubers that develop on a plant leaving the
remainder to mature.
Priming
the crop harvested from regrowth as in sugarcane
Ratoon
genus of bacteria that live symbiotically in the roots of legumes and fix
nitrogen that is used by plants.
Rhyzobium
– in asexual propagation, where the scion is attached to develop a new plant.
Rootstock
used in reference to the allelic form of a unit of heredity that, when present in
a heterozygous condition is not expressed.
Recessive
a crop which is planted in shortly before the first crop is to be harvested.
Relay crop
the degree of acidity or alkalinity of the soil expressed as pH.
Reaction
the replacement of soil about individual plants or a row of plants after some
soil has been removed from that location
Rehilling
the process of absorption of oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide.
Respiration
a subterranean stem, usually rooting at the nodes and rising at the apex; a
rootstock.
Rhizome
erosion producing small channels that can be obliterated by tillage.
Rill erosion
the part of the plant.
Root
living on dead organic matter.
Saprophytic
the ripened ovule enclosing a sedimentary plant and the food necessary for its
germination.
Seed
separation of hybrid progenic into the different hereditary types
representing the combination of the character of the two parents.
Segregation
- the choosing of plants having certain characteristics for propagation
Selection
- pollinated by pollen from same plant.
Selfed
a root arising from the base of the hypocotyl.
Seminal root
erosion by removal of a more or less uniform layer of material from the
land surface.
Sheet erosion
offspring of the same parental plants
Siblings -
forage preserved in a succulent condition by partial fermentation in a tight
container.
Silage
small soil particles of a diameter of 0.002 to 0.05 mm.
Silt
the first generation hybrid between 2 inbred lines.
Single cross
plowed meadow of pasture.
Sod
this is done by planting short season, drought tolerant crops after
rice, more especially upon failure of the rice crop due to pests.
Sequential planting
the natural medium for the growth of land plants on the surface of the earth,
composed of organic and mineral materials.
Soil
- the upper part of the soil profile, the A and B horizons.
Solum
to place seed in a position for growing.
Sow
single-celled reproductive bodies produced by fungi.
Spore
the pollen-bearing organ of a flower.
Stamen
having stamens but no pistils.
Staminate
a liquid that contains dissolved fertilizer nutrients and is applied to
plants to facilitate growth.
Starter solution
- a supply of seed of a crop variety.
Stock
- a modified propagating, creeping stem above ground that produces roots.
Stolon
- a group of plants derived from variety.
Strain
- the dried remnants of fine stemmed plants from which the seed had been
removed.
Straw
the basal portion of the stems of plants left standing after cutting.
Stubble
that part of solum below plow depth or below the A horizon.
Subsoil
a tiller. A shoot produced from a crown or rhizomes or in tobacco, from auxillary
buds.
Sucker
the upper 12 inches or 30 cm of the soil, or in arable soils, the depth
commonly stirred by the plow.
Surface soil
- the fixation of nitrogen by bacteria infesting the roots of
legumes while benefiting the legume crop.
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation
a soil containing excessive amounts of soluble salts.
Saline soil
the aerial part of a plant that is transferred to a new rootstock in grafting.
Scion
the union of two haploid gametes to yield a single diploid zygote.
Sexual fertilization
the tendency of soil particles to clump together or form aggregates.
Soil structure
the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay particles in soil.
Soil texture
an inflorescence, common in the grass family, that has a central axis on which
sessile spikelete are born
Spike
stem of a grass plant, which is a complete plant by itself.
Tiller
used in reference to the overall physical condition of a soil, frequently regarding its
suitability as a seedbed.
Tilth
a specific case of polypecidy in which there are 3N chromosomes
Triploid
- a single central root.
Taproot -
- the staminate inflorescence of maize composed of panicle spikes.
Tassel
the science of classification.
Taxonomy
a leaflet or stem modified for climbing or anchorage, as in the pea.
Tendril
having four times the primary chromosome member.
Tetraploid
the surface soil, usually the plow depth of the A horizon.
Topsoil
the loss of moisture through the leaves
Transpiration
- small plant grown in a plant bed or flat, or are removed from a seeded row
for resetting in a new location.
Transplants
- a short, thickened subterranean branch.
Tuber
- containing either stamens or pistils, but not both.
Unisexual
- the occurrence of differences among individuals of a species or variety.
Variation
a group of individuals within a species that differ with the rest of the species
Variety
in biology, a carrier. is generally an insect that carries pollen or diseasecausing organism from plant to plant.
vector
ultramicroscopic protein bodies, the presence of certain types of which cause
mosaic and other diseases in plant tissue.
a plant that in its location is more harmful than beneficial.
Weed
a plant adapted to arid conditions
Xerophyte
the woody part of a fibrovascular bundle containing vessels; the water-conducting
tissue.
Xylem
product of united gametes.
Zygote
